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Volume 11
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10.3390/app11073099
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Article

Comparative Analysis of Kazakhstani and European Design Specifications: Raft Foundation, Pile Foundation, and Piled Raft Foundation

by
Assel Zhanabayeva
1,
Nazerke Sagidullina
1,
Jong Kim
1,
Alfrendo Satyanaga
1,
Deuckhang Lee
2 and
Sung-Woo Moon
1,*
1
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan
2
Department of Architectural Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(7), 3099; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11073099
Submission received: 26 January 2021 / Revised: 5 March 2021 / Accepted: 9 March 2021 / Published: 31 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Performances of Concrete Composite Members: Experimental, Theoretical, Numerical Approaches II)
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Abstract

The introduction of Eurocode in Kazakhstan allows for the application of modern technological innovations and the elimination of technical barriers for the realization of international projects. It is significant to study the international standards and design requirements provided in Eurocode. This study presents a comparative analysis of Kazakhstani and European approaches for the geotechnical design of foundations and provides the design methods in the considered codes of practice. Three different types of foundations (i.e., raft, pile, and piled raft foundations) were designed following SP RK 5.01-102-2013—Foundations of buildings and structures, SP RK 5.01-103-2013—Pile foundations, and Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design for the Nur-Sultan soil profile. For all three types of foundations, the calculated results of bearing resistance and elastic settlement showed the conservativeness of Eurocode over SNiP-based Kazakhstani building regulations, as the values of bearing resistance and elastic settlement adhering to Kazakhstani code exceeded the Eurocode values. The difference between the obtained results can be explained by the application of higher values of partial safety factors by Eurocode 7. Sensitivity analysis of the bearing resistance on foundation parameters (i.e., raft foundation width and pile length) for the Kazakhstani and European approaches was performed to support the conclusions of the study.
Keywords: raft foundation; pile foundation; piled raft foundation; bearing resistance; elastic settlement; SNiP; SP RK; Eurocode 7 raft foundation; pile foundation; piled raft foundation; bearing resistance; elastic settlement; SNiP; SP RK; Eurocode 7

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhanabayeva, A.; Sagidullina, N.; Kim, J.; Satyanaga, A.; Lee, D.; Moon, S.-W. Comparative Analysis of Kazakhstani and European Design Specifications: Raft Foundation, Pile Foundation, and Piled Raft Foundation. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 3099. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11073099

AMA Style

Zhanabayeva A, Sagidullina N, Kim J, Satyanaga A, Lee D, Moon S-W. Comparative Analysis of Kazakhstani and European Design Specifications: Raft Foundation, Pile Foundation, and Piled Raft Foundation. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(7):3099. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11073099

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhanabayeva, Assel, Nazerke Sagidullina, Jong Kim, Alfrendo Satyanaga, Deuckhang Lee, and Sung-Woo Moon. 2021. "Comparative Analysis of Kazakhstani and European Design Specifications: Raft Foundation, Pile Foundation, and Piled Raft Foundation" Applied Sciences 11, no. 7: 3099. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11073099

APA Style

Zhanabayeva, A., Sagidullina, N., Kim, J., Satyanaga, A., Lee, D., & Moon, S.-W. (2021). Comparative Analysis of Kazakhstani and European Design Specifications: Raft Foundation, Pile Foundation, and Piled Raft Foundation. Applied Sciences, 11(7), 3099. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11073099

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