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Article

A RTL Implementation of Heterogeneous Machine Learning Network for French Computer Assisted Pronunciation Training

1
School of Foreign Studies, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing 100070, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Beijing 100190, China
3
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
4
Laboratory of ImViA, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, 21078 Dijon, France
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(10), 5835; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13105835
Submission received: 29 March 2023 / Revised: 1 May 2023 / Accepted: 5 May 2023 / Published: 9 May 2023

Abstract

Computer-assisted pronunciation training (CAPT) is a helpful method for self-directed or long-distance foreign language learning. It greatly benefits from the progress, and of acoustic signal processing and artificial intelligence techniques. However, in real-life applications, embedded solutions are usually desired. This paper conceives a register-transfer level (RTL) core to facilitate the pronunciation diagnostic tasks by suppressing the mulitcollinearity of the speech waveforms. A recently proposed heterogeneous machine learning framework is selected as the French phoneme pronunciation diagnostic algorithm. This RTL core is implemented and optimized within a very-high-level synthesis method for fast prototyping. An original French phoneme data set containing 4830 samples is used for the evaluation experiments. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed implementation reduces the diagnostic error rate by 0.79–1.33% compared to the state-of-the-art and achieves a speedup of 10.89× relative to its CPU implementation at the same abstract level of programming languages.
Keywords: computer-assisted pronunciation training; high-level synthesis; embedded designs; machine learning; FPGA computer-assisted pronunciation training; high-level synthesis; embedded designs; machine learning; FPGA

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bi, Y.; Li, C.; Benezeth, Y.; Yang, F. A RTL Implementation of Heterogeneous Machine Learning Network for French Computer Assisted Pronunciation Training. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 5835. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13105835

AMA Style

Bi Y, Li C, Benezeth Y, Yang F. A RTL Implementation of Heterogeneous Machine Learning Network for French Computer Assisted Pronunciation Training. Applied Sciences. 2023; 13(10):5835. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13105835

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bi, Yanjing, Chao Li, Yannick Benezeth, and Fan Yang. 2023. "A RTL Implementation of Heterogeneous Machine Learning Network for French Computer Assisted Pronunciation Training" Applied Sciences 13, no. 10: 5835. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13105835

APA Style

Bi, Y., Li, C., Benezeth, Y., & Yang, F. (2023). A RTL Implementation of Heterogeneous Machine Learning Network for French Computer Assisted Pronunciation Training. Applied Sciences, 13(10), 5835. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13105835

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