Flaw Size Quantification for Cable Flaw Inspection System with Inductive Search Coil Sensor
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Model-Based Principle
2.2. Data Processing Procedure
3. Experiment Setup
4. Experimental Result Analysis
4.1. Analysis of Flaw Length Based on Flaw Position
4.2. Analysis of Flaw Length Based on Flaw Cross-Sectional Area
4.3. Analysis of Response Amplitude Based on Flaw Position
4.4. Analysis of Response Amplitude Based on Flaw Cross-Section Area
5. Discussion and Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Values |
---|---|
Flaw axial length | 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm |
Excitation frequency | 1000 & 2500 & 4000 & 6000 & 10,000 Hz |
Layer NO. | , |
Flaw cross-sectional area | {1/19, 2/19,..., j/19} PLA |
Axial Length (mm) | Averaged Amplitude under (H) | Averaged Amplitude under (H) | Amplitude Difference (H) | Proportion of Difference |
---|---|---|---|---|
10 | 4.342 | 4.828 | 0.486 ± 0.075 | 10.1 ± 1.5% |
20 | 8.094 | 8.466 | 0.372 ± 0.093 | 4.4 ± 1.1% |
30 | 9.850 | 10.554 | 0.704 ± 0.103 | 6.7 ± 1.0% |
40 | 11.519 | 12.525 | 1.006 ± 0.039 | 8.0 ± 0.3% |
Flaw Position | Excitation Frequency | Flaw Length | Flaw Cross-Sectional Area |
---|---|---|---|
2500 Hz | 10ߝ40 mm | 1/19 to 6/19 PLA on Layer 2 |
Methodology | Advantages | Limitations | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Dye Penetrant (DP) testing | Simple method for detecting shallow cracks | Costly for assessing quality at multiple locations | [5,6] |
Optical Fiber Sensing | Stable and precise for cable force monitoring | Complex detection process and high sensitivity | [7,8,9,10] |
Radio-graphic Testing (RT) | Capable for internal structure examination | Costly and potential health risks due to radiation exposure | [11] |
Ultrasonic Testing (UT) | Quick detection of defects with strong penetration ability | Poor intuitiveness of detection results | [12,13,14,15,16] |
Magnetic Particle Testing (MT) | Analysis of magnetic flux leakage for surface or near-surface flaws | Shallow depth measurement capabilities | [17,18,19] |
Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) | Highly effective and easy to achieve quantitative testing | Sensitivity to lift-off height and excitation intensity | [20,21,22,23] |
Acoustic Emission (AE) testing | Monitoring of cable force and vibration frequency during dynamic processes | Decreased accuracy with increasing distance | [24,25,26] |
Vibration-based method | Remote sensing | Complex data analysis | [27,28,29,30,31,32,33] |
The proposed method | Less data processing, real-time responsiveness, and lightweight for robots to carry | Applied to small-sized cables currently |
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Fang, Z.; Zhao, M.; Ding, N.; Qian, H. Flaw Size Quantification for Cable Flaw Inspection System with Inductive Search Coil Sensor. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 8414. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13148414
Fang Z, Zhao M, Ding N, Qian H. Flaw Size Quantification for Cable Flaw Inspection System with Inductive Search Coil Sensor. Applied Sciences. 2023; 13(14):8414. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13148414
Chicago/Turabian StyleFang, Zehao, Min Zhao, Ning Ding, and Huihuan Qian. 2023. "Flaw Size Quantification for Cable Flaw Inspection System with Inductive Search Coil Sensor" Applied Sciences 13, no. 14: 8414. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13148414