Surface Gloss, Radiopacity and Shear Bond Strength of Contemporary Universal Composite Resins
Round 1
Reviewer 1 Report
Despite this is a well-done and organized study, the present reviewer would like to have more details regarding the following:
Material and Methods:
- The authors used A1 shade for all composite materials. However, it is not the regular shade in clinical practice. please clarify.
- The authors performed the sample size of the present study. Please consider better explaining this item.
- It is well known that selective enamel etching enhances the durability and longevity of composite restorations. Please clarify your opinion in using these materials in self etch mode only.
Results:
- The reviewer suggests (Scan Electron Microscope) SEM analysis for evaluating the failure mode in high accuracy level.
Conclusions:
- The authors mentioned (The bond strengths of the materials to enamel and dentin varied). Please add more details.
Author Response
Point 1. The authors used A1 shade for all composite materials. However, it is not the regular shade in clinical practice. please clarify.
Answer 1. We agree with the reviewer that A2 is the color used more often in clinical practice. Color change was not examined in our study; only surface gloss and radiopacity were evaluated. Generally, shade of the CR is not given in gloss studies:
- Kamonkhantikul K, Arksornnukit M, Takahashi H, Kanehira M, Finger WJ. Polishing and toothbrushing alters the surface roughness and gloss of composite resins Dental Materials Journal 2014; 33(5): 599–606.
- Nithya K, Sridevi K, Keerthi V, Ravishankar P. Evaluation of Surface Roughness, Hardness, and Gloss of Composites After Three Different Finishing and Polishing Techniques: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2020 Feb 19;12(2):e7037.
- Miletic V, Trifkovic B, Stamenkovic D, Tango RN, Paravina RD.
- Effects of staining and artificial aging on optical properties of gingiva‐colored resin‐based restorative materials Clinical Oral Investigations (2022) 26:6817– 6827.
However; example with A1 color in the literature is given below.
- Ardu S, Rene D, Enrico DB, Isaline R, Ivo K. Influence of mechanical and chemical degradation on surface gloss of direct and CAD-CAM resin composite materials. American Journal of Dentistry, 2020, vol. 33, no. 3, p. 157-160.
Point 2. The authors performed the sample size of the present study. Please consider better explaining this item.
Response 2. Power analysis is mostly requested also for in-vitro studies. So, before experiments, sample size was calculated like as many studies in the literature. However, more detail has been presented in the manuscript.
- Sevil Gurgan, Uzay Koc VuraL, Ivana Miletic. Comparison of mechanical and optical properties of a newly marketed universal composite resin with contemporary universal composite resins: An in vitro study. Microsc Res Tech. 2021;1–9.
- Elif Delve Başer Can, Güher Barut, Vasfiye Işık, Emriye Algül, Gökhan Yaprak, Esra Can. Push‐out bond strength of fiber posts to irradiated and non‐irradiated intraradicular dentin. Clinical Oral Investigations (2022) 26:7057–7069.
Point 3. It is well known that selective enamel etching enhances the durability and longevity of composite restorations. Please clarify your opinion in using these materials in self etch mode only.
Response 3. As the reviewer mentioned, selective enamel etching increases the durability and longevity of composite restorations. However, one of the claims in the marketing of universal adhesives is that they can be used in 3 different modes. Although it is known that acid etching is important for enamel tissue, there are cases where acid etching, which is a sensitive step, cannot be performed. Since not only the shear bond strength of the composite resins was tested in this study, but also the radiopacity and gloss values of the composites were evaluated, the self-etch mode was preferred in order not to complicate the data. In line with the reviewer's suggestions, studies in which the selective-etch mode is preferred can be planned in the future.
Point 4. The reviewer suggests (Scan Electron Microscope) SEM analysis for evaluating the failure mode in high accuracy level.
Response 4. There have been also studies evaluating failure modes with light microscopy.
- Gresnigt MMM, Sugii MM, Johanns KBFW, van der Made SAM. Comparison of conventional ceramic laminate veneers, partial laminate veneers and direct composite resin restorations in fracture strength after aging. Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, 2021.
- S Noppawong, J Pratabsingha, Thamsoonthorn C, Vichathai W, Saikaew P. Bond strengths of universal adhesives to dentin contaminated with a hemostatic agent. Journal of Adhesive Dentistry, 2022.
- Al Saffan A, Dewan H, Chohan H, Mustafa M, Kotha SB, Al Kheraif AA. Efficacy of photodynamic therapy, photobiomodulation and antimicrobial agent on the shear bond strength of composite restorations to hypermineralized teeth. Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy, 2021.
However, due to the reviewer’s suggestion, SEM analysis was performed for the failure modes of the samples and has been added to the manuscript as figure 4.
Point 5. The authors mentioned (The bond strengths of the materials to enamel and dentin varied). Please add more details.
Response 5. The conclusion has been revised.
Reviewer 2 Report
The article is well-written and well organized. It mostly reports about a step by step comparative study between various commercially available composite resins.
The article should be revised according to the below comments.
1- The novelty of the work should be more highlighted in the document.
2- The conclusion is too broad. It should give clear indications to readers (clinicians) for a proper choice of the CR depending on their needs.
3- What is the relation between the Ph and the adhesive properties? The creation of chemical is the key toward improved adhesive performances.
4- What about the degree of purity?
5- The sentence “Commercially available contemporary universal CRs display different surface gloss, radiopacity and SBS properties.” is obvious. Clearly state the differences and highlight them.
6- The following references should be added. Phthalonitrile resins and composites: properties and applications (book). High performance ceramic-based phthalonitrile micro and nanocomposites (article).
Author Response
Point 1. The novelty of the work should be more highlighted in the document.
Answer 1. The part that emphasizes the novelty of the work more in the manuscript has been added to the introduction.
Point 2. The conclusion is too broad. It should give clear indications to readers (clinicians) for a proper choice of the CR depending on their needs.
Answer 2. The conclusion has been revised.
Point 3. What is the relation between the Ph and the adhesive properties? The creation of chemical is the key toward improved adhesive performances.
Answer 3. Although we agree with the reviewer, only self-etch mode was preferred for the application of adhesives in the present study. Since there is no separate acid-etching step, it has been interpreted that the pH values of the adhesives may have been particularly effective in their bonding to the enamel tissue. The differences in bonding values are of course mainly related to the chemistry of the adhesive, which is the secret. These sections may be revised if the referee has a suggestion.
Point 4. What about the degree of purity?
Answer 4. According to the authors’ knowledge Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is needed for assessing the degree of purity. So, it will be a topic for future studies
Point 5. The sentence “Commercially available contemporary universal CRs display different surface gloss, radiopacity and SBS properties.” is obvious. Clearly state the differences and highlight them.
Answer 5. The conclusion has been revised.
Point 6. The following references should be added. Phthalonitrile resins and composites: properties and applications (book). High performance ceramic-based phthalonitrile micro and nanocomposites (article).
Answer 6. The references have been added as 8 and 9.
