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Correction

Correction: Schubert et al. Microencapsulation of Bacteriophages for the Delivery to and Modulation of the Human Gut Microbiota through Milk and Cereal Products. Appl. Sci. 2022, 12, 6299

1
Department of Soft Matter Science and Dairy Technology, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 21, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
2
Department of Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Present address: Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Wiegand Hall 9B, 3051 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(9), 5305; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095305
Submission received: 8 February 2023 / Accepted: 6 April 2023 / Published: 24 April 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Dairy Products)
The authors would like to make the following corrections to this paper [1]:
Error in Figure
In the original publication, there was a mistake in Figure 6a as published. A calculation error caused the bacteriophage titers given to be one decade too high. The corrected Figure 6a appears below.
Error in Table
In the original publication, there was a mistake in Table 2 as published. The calculation of the encapsulation efficiency was repeated by using the absolute (non-logarithmized) bacteriophage titers instead of the logarithmized values. The corrected Table 2 is presented below.
Text Correction
With regard to the corrected Figure 6a and Table 2 (see above), the text following passages has been adjusted accordingly:
(1) Abstract:
Powdered capsules with particle sizes of ~10 µm and bacteriophage K5 titers of ~107 plaque-forming units (pfu) g−1 were obtained.
(2) Section 2.4.2., Paragraph 1:
The stability of the encapsulated bacteriophages (Section 2.2) with an initial bacteriophage titer NC* = 1.5 × 107–3.0 × 107 pfu g−1 was analyzed in simulated gastric fluid (SGF).
(3) Section 3.4., Paragraph 8:
The most important quality parameter of the capsules is the encapsulation efficiency, which was roughly 4% in this study (Table 2) (calculated with absolute bacteriophage titers; calculation with logarithmized bacteriophage titers would correspond to an encapsulation efficiency of around 80%).
(4) Section 3.4., Paragraph 10:
The capsules produced in this study had bacteriophage titers of around 107 pfu g−1.
The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused and state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.

Reference

  1. Schubert, C.; Fischer, S.; Dorsch, K.; Teßmer, L.; Hinrichs, J.; Atamer, Z. Microencapsulation of Bacteriophages for the Delivery to and Modulation of the Human Gut Microbiota through Milk and Cereal Products. Appl. Sci. 2022, 12, 6299. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Figure 6. Static in vitro digestion of bacteriophage K5 capsules composed of alginate and micellar casein (Applsci 13 05305 i001) or alginate and whey protein isolate (Applsci 13 05305 i002). (a) Incubation in simulated gastric fluid (SGF). Results are given as bacteriophage titer of solid capsules (NC in pfu g–1).
Figure 6. Static in vitro digestion of bacteriophage K5 capsules composed of alginate and micellar casein (Applsci 13 05305 i001) or alginate and whey protein isolate (Applsci 13 05305 i002). (a) Incubation in simulated gastric fluid (SGF). Results are given as bacteriophage titer of solid capsules (NC in pfu g–1).
Applsci 13 05305 g001
Table 2. Analysis of the bacteriophage K5 capsules regarding physical and biological parameters. Capsules were mainly composed of sodium alginate and milk protein (either micellar casein or whey protein isolate).
Table 2. Analysis of the bacteriophage K5 capsules regarding physical and biological parameters. Capsules were mainly composed of sodium alginate and milk protein (either micellar casein or whey protein isolate).
Capsules CharacteristicsAlginate + Micellar Casein CapsulesAlginate + Whey Protein Isolate Capsules
Humidity (%)8.70 ± 0.869.43 ± 0.32
Water activity (–)0.15 ± 0.03n.d. *
Particle diameter d10,3 (µm)3.6 ± 1.25.1 ± 0.4
Particle diameter d50,3 (µm)8.9 ± 0.712.0 ± 1.9
Particle diameter d90,3 (µm)17.5 ± 4.446.2 ± 2.9
Encapsulation efficiency (%)4.2 ± 2.1 **3.6 ± 2.1 ***
Bacteriophage titer (pfu g−1)(3.4 ± 1.7) × 107(1.6 ± 0.9) × 107
* n.d.—not determined. ** Values inserted into Equation (3): NS = (3.6 ± 0.3) × 107 pfu mL-1, NC## = (1.5 ± 0.7) × 106 pfu mL−1. *** Values inserted into Equation (3): NS = (2.0 ± 0.1) × 107 pfu mL−1, NC## = (7.3 ± 4.1) × 105 pfu mL−1.
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MDPI and ACS Style

Schubert, C.; Fischer, S.; Dorsch, K.; Teßmer, L.; Hinrichs, J.; Atamer, Z. Correction: Schubert et al. Microencapsulation of Bacteriophages for the Delivery to and Modulation of the Human Gut Microbiota through Milk and Cereal Products. Appl. Sci. 2022, 12, 6299. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 5305. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095305

AMA Style

Schubert C, Fischer S, Dorsch K, Teßmer L, Hinrichs J, Atamer Z. Correction: Schubert et al. Microencapsulation of Bacteriophages for the Delivery to and Modulation of the Human Gut Microbiota through Milk and Cereal Products. Appl. Sci. 2022, 12, 6299. Applied Sciences. 2023; 13(9):5305. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095305

Chicago/Turabian Style

Schubert, Christina, Sabina Fischer, Kathrin Dorsch, Lutz Teßmer, Jörg Hinrichs, and Zeynep Atamer. 2023. "Correction: Schubert et al. Microencapsulation of Bacteriophages for the Delivery to and Modulation of the Human Gut Microbiota through Milk and Cereal Products. Appl. Sci. 2022, 12, 6299" Applied Sciences 13, no. 9: 5305. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095305

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