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Volume 13
Issue 9
10.3390/app13095530
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Article

Spectroscopic Study of the Interaction of Reactive Dyes with Polymeric Cationic Modifiers of Cotton Fabrics

by
Konstantinos Papapetros
1,2,
Labrini Sygellou
1,
Charalampos Anastasopoulos
3,
Konstantinos S. Andrikopoulos
1,4,*,
Georgios Bokias
3,* and
George A. Voyiatzis
1
1
Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Chemical Engineering Science (ICE-HT), Stadiou St., GR-26504 Patras, Greece
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
3
Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
4
Department of Physics, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(9), 5530; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095530
Submission received: 7 March 2023 / Revised: 24 April 2023 / Accepted: 26 April 2023 / Published: 29 April 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Chemical and Molecular Sciences)
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Abstract

Cotton cationization with low molecular weight or polymeric cationic modifiers allows the effective dyeing of cotton substrates with reactive dyes under salt-free and more environmentally friendly conditions. The current work focuses on the spectroscopic study of the intermolecular interactions, which dictate the physicochemical process associated with fabric dyeing. Water-soluble cationic copolymers of vinyl benzyl chloride (VBC) and vinyl benzyl triethylammonium chloride (VBCTEAM) have been used as cellulose cationic modifiers. Dye uptake was assessed using Remazol Brilliant Blue R and Novacron Ruby S-3B dyes. The study involves ATR-FTIR, UV-Vis, fluorescence, and XPS spectroscopy. The results of binary polymer-rich dye-polymer aqueous solutions or dye-polymer precipitates at stoichiometric charge-ratio revealed that the sulfonate/sulfate anions of the dyes interact with the cationic VBCTEAM units of the polymer via electrostatic interactions. Moreover, the comparative study of dye application on modified and unmodified fabrics suggests that, unlike the latter, where dyes are chemically bound to cellulose, electrostatic forces dominate the interaction of modified fabrics with dye molecules.
Keywords: cotton; reactive dyes; cationization; polymeric modifier; salt-free dyeing; electrostatic interactions; covalent bonding cotton; reactive dyes; cationization; polymeric modifier; salt-free dyeing; electrostatic interactions; covalent bonding
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MDPI and ACS Style

Papapetros, K.; Sygellou, L.; Anastasopoulos, C.; Andrikopoulos, K.S.; Bokias, G.; Voyiatzis, G.A. Spectroscopic Study of the Interaction of Reactive Dyes with Polymeric Cationic Modifiers of Cotton Fabrics. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 5530. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095530

AMA Style

Papapetros K, Sygellou L, Anastasopoulos C, Andrikopoulos KS, Bokias G, Voyiatzis GA. Spectroscopic Study of the Interaction of Reactive Dyes with Polymeric Cationic Modifiers of Cotton Fabrics. Applied Sciences. 2023; 13(9):5530. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095530

Chicago/Turabian Style

Papapetros, Konstantinos, Labrini Sygellou, Charalampos Anastasopoulos, Konstantinos S. Andrikopoulos, Georgios Bokias, and George A. Voyiatzis. 2023. "Spectroscopic Study of the Interaction of Reactive Dyes with Polymeric Cationic Modifiers of Cotton Fabrics" Applied Sciences 13, no. 9: 5530. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095530

APA Style

Papapetros, K., Sygellou, L., Anastasopoulos, C., Andrikopoulos, K. S., Bokias, G., & Voyiatzis, G. A. (2023). Spectroscopic Study of the Interaction of Reactive Dyes with Polymeric Cationic Modifiers of Cotton Fabrics. Applied Sciences, 13(9), 5530. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095530

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