Sociodemographic Data and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Symptoms in the Metal Polishing Industry: A Case Study in Central Portugal
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Sociodemographic Data
3.1.1. Sociodemographic Characterization
3.1.2. Professional Status
3.2. Health, Ergonomics, and Anthropometry
3.2.1. Health Habits and Lifestyle
3.2.2. Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Symptomatology Perception
4. Discussion
5. Limitations and Future Research Agenda
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Total Sample | Female Gender | Male Gender | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | |
Age Clusters | ||||||
18–34 | 55 | 39.3 | 27 | 42.9 | 28 | 36.4 |
35–44 | 38 | 27.1 | 16 | 25.4 | 22 | 28.6 |
45–54 | 35 | 25 | 17 | 27 | 18 | 23.4 |
55–64 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 1.6 | 6 | 7.8 |
NR | 5 | 3.6 | 2 | 3.2 | 3 | 3.9 |
Marital Status | ||||||
Single | 62 | 44.3 | 20 | 31.7 | 42 | 54.5 |
Married | 51 | 36.4 | 29 | 46 | 22 | 28.6 |
Divorced | 9 | 6.4 | 6 | 9.5 | 3 | 3.9 |
Common Law | 17 | 12.1 | 8 | 12.7 | 9 | 11.7 |
NR | 1 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1.3 |
Children < 16 Years Old | ||||||
No | 84 | 60 | 32 | 50.8 | 52 | 67.5 |
Yes | 55 | 39.3 | 30 | 47.6 | 25 | 32.5 |
NR | 1 | 0.7 | 1 | 1.6 | 0 | 0 |
Educational Qualifications | ||||||
Primary Education | 2 | 1.4 | 1 | 1.6 | 1 | 1.3 |
Basic Education | 25 | 17.9 | 8 | 12.7 | 17 | 22.1 |
Secondary Education | 61 | 43.6 | 30 | 47.6 | 31 | 40.3 |
Technical–Professional Education | 27 | 19.3 | 10 | 15.9 | 17 | 22.1 |
Higher Education | 21 | 15 | 12 | 19 | 9 | 11.7 |
Postgraduate Higher Education | 3 | 2.1 | 1 | 1.6 | 2 | 2.6 |
NR | 1 | 0.7 | 1 | 1.6 | 0 | 0 |
Total Sample | Female Gender | Male Gender | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | |
Seniority in the Company | ||||||
<5 years | 100 | 71.4 | 50 | 79.4 | 50 | 64.9 |
5 to 10 years | 23 | 16.4 | 9 | 14.3 | 14 | 18.2 |
>10 years | 14 | 10 | 2 | 3.2 | 12 | 15.6 |
NR | 3 | 2.1 | 2 | 3.2 | 1 | 1.3 |
Working Hours/Week | ||||||
<40 | 7 | 4.9 | 6 | 9.6 | 1 | 1.3 |
40 | 120 | 85.7 | 50 | 79.5 | 70 | 90.9 |
>40 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 9.3 | 4 | 5.2 |
NR | 3 | 2.1 | 1 | 1.6 | 2 | 2.6 |
Work Schedules | ||||||
Regular | 120 | 85.7 | 49 | 77.8 | 71 | 92.2 |
Shifts | 20 | 14.3 | 14 | 22.2 | 6 | 7.8 |
Work Equipment | ||||||
Vitax/Polishing | 115 | 82.1 | 54 | 85.7 | 61 | 79.2 |
Lapidary Machine | 22 | 15.7 | 7 | 11.1 | 15 | 19.5 |
Other | 3 | 2.1 | 2 | 3.2 | 1 | 1.3 |
Total Sample | Female Gender | Male Gender | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | |
Dominant Hand | ||||||
Right | 88 | 62.9 | 38 | 60.3 | 50 | 64.9 |
Left | 3 | 2.1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3.9 |
Both | 49 | 35 | 25 | 39.7 | 24 | 31.2 |
BMI Situation | ||||||
Normal Weight | 73 | 52.1 | 36 | 57.1 | 37 | 48.1 |
Overweight | 53 | 37.9 | 23 | 36.5 | 30 | 39 |
Obesity Class I | 11 | 7.9 | 2 | 3.2 | 9 | 11.7 |
Obesity Class II | 3 | 2.1 | 2 | 3.2 | 1 | 1.3 |
Physical Exercise | ||||||
Yes | 81 | 57.9 | 29 | 46 | 47 | 61 |
No | 59 | 42.1 | 34 | 54 | 30 | 39 |
Sleep Habits | ||||||
Between 4 and 6 h | 62 | 44.3 | 27 | 42.9 | 35 | 45.5 |
Between 7 and 8 h | 75 | 53.6 | 34 | 54 | 41 | 53.2 |
More than 8 h | 3 | 2.1 | 2 | 3.2 | 1 | 1.3 |
Health Perception | ||||||
Excellent | 11 | 7.9 | 6 | 9.5 | 5 | 6.5 |
Very Good | 36 | 25.7 | 11 | 17.5 | 25 | 32.5 |
Good | 66 | 47.1 | 33 | 52.4 | 33 | 42.9 |
Reasonable | 24 | 17.1 | 13 | 20.6 | 11 | 14.3 |
Deficit | 3 | 2.1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3.9 |
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Alves, J.; Lima, T.M.; Gaspar, P.D. Sociodemographic Data and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Symptoms in the Metal Polishing Industry: A Case Study in Central Portugal. Appl. Sci. 2024, 14, 7265. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14167265
Alves J, Lima TM, Gaspar PD. Sociodemographic Data and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Symptoms in the Metal Polishing Industry: A Case Study in Central Portugal. Applied Sciences. 2024; 14(16):7265. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14167265
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlves, Joel, Tânia M. Lima, and Pedro D. Gaspar. 2024. "Sociodemographic Data and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Symptoms in the Metal Polishing Industry: A Case Study in Central Portugal" Applied Sciences 14, no. 16: 7265. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14167265