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Volume 14
Issue 18
10.3390/app14188476
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Article

A Novel Technique Using Confocal Raman Spectroscopy Coupled with PLS-DA to Identify the Types of Sugar in Three Tropical Fruits

by
César R. Balcázar-Zumaeta
1,*,
Jorge L. Maicelo-Quintana
2,
Geidy Salón-Llanos
1,
Miguel Barrena
3,
Lucas D. Muñoz-Astecker
1,
Ilse S. Cayo-Colca
2,
Llisela Torrejón-Valqui
1 and
Efraín M. Castro-Alayo
1
1
Instituto de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para el Sector Agrario y Agroindustrial (IIDAA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Calle Higos Urco 342-350-356, Chachapoyas 01000, Peru
2
Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Calle Higos Urco 342-350-356, Chachapoyas 01000, Peru
3
Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Calle Higos Urco 342-350-356, Chachapoyas 01000, Peru
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(18), 8476; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14188476
Submission received: 24 July 2024 / Revised: 17 September 2024 / Accepted: 18 September 2024 / Published: 20 September 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Food Science and Technology)
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Abstract

Tropical fruits such as cherimoya, soursop, and pineapple share sugars (glucose, fructose, and sucrose) in common but may differ in the content of other phytochemicals. In the present work, confocal Raman spectroscopy and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used to establish a classification model among the three fruits and to evaluate the effect of pre-processing methods on the model’s performance. The Raman spectra showed that glucose was present in the fruits in the 800–900 cm−1 band and the 1100–1200 cm−1 band. While sucrose was present in the bands of 1131.22 cm−1, 1134.44 cm−1, and 1133.37 cm−1 in the three fruits, fructose was present in the bands of 1464.22 cm−1, 1467.44 cm−1, and 1464.22 cm−1 in cherimoya, soursop, and pineapple. The accuracy of the PLS-DA model varied according to the pre-processing methods used. The Savitzky–Golay first derivative method produced a model with 98.69–100% and 100% precision on the training and prediction data, respectively.
Keywords: chemometric; fruit; multivariate methods; spectroscopy; sugar chemometric; fruit; multivariate methods; spectroscopy; sugar

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MDPI and ACS Style

Balcázar-Zumaeta, C.R.; Maicelo-Quintana, J.L.; Salón-Llanos, G.; Barrena, M.; Muñoz-Astecker, L.D.; Cayo-Colca, I.S.; Torrejón-Valqui, L.; Castro-Alayo, E.M. A Novel Technique Using Confocal Raman Spectroscopy Coupled with PLS-DA to Identify the Types of Sugar in Three Tropical Fruits. Appl. Sci. 2024, 14, 8476. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14188476

AMA Style

Balcázar-Zumaeta CR, Maicelo-Quintana JL, Salón-Llanos G, Barrena M, Muñoz-Astecker LD, Cayo-Colca IS, Torrejón-Valqui L, Castro-Alayo EM. A Novel Technique Using Confocal Raman Spectroscopy Coupled with PLS-DA to Identify the Types of Sugar in Three Tropical Fruits. Applied Sciences. 2024; 14(18):8476. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14188476

Chicago/Turabian Style

Balcázar-Zumaeta, César R., Jorge L. Maicelo-Quintana, Geidy Salón-Llanos, Miguel Barrena, Lucas D. Muñoz-Astecker, Ilse S. Cayo-Colca, Llisela Torrejón-Valqui, and Efraín M. Castro-Alayo. 2024. "A Novel Technique Using Confocal Raman Spectroscopy Coupled with PLS-DA to Identify the Types of Sugar in Three Tropical Fruits" Applied Sciences 14, no. 18: 8476. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14188476

APA Style

Balcázar-Zumaeta, C. R., Maicelo-Quintana, J. L., Salón-Llanos, G., Barrena, M., Muñoz-Astecker, L. D., Cayo-Colca, I. S., Torrejón-Valqui, L., & Castro-Alayo, E. M. (2024). A Novel Technique Using Confocal Raman Spectroscopy Coupled with PLS-DA to Identify the Types of Sugar in Three Tropical Fruits. Applied Sciences, 14(18), 8476. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14188476

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