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Applied Sciences
Volume 8
Issue 12
10.3390/app8122339
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Article

Changes in Phonation and Their Relations with Progress of Parkinson’s Disease

by
Zoltan Galaz
1,
Jiri Mekyska
1,
Vojtech Zvoncak
1,
Jan Mucha
1,
Tomas Kiska
1,
Zdenek Smekal
1,
Ilona Eliasova
2,3,
Martina Mrackova
2,3,
Milena Kostalova
3,4,
Irena Rektorova
2,3,*,
Marcos Faundez-Zanuy
5,
Jesus B. Alonso-Hernandez
6 and
Pedro Gomez-Vilda
7
1
Department of Telecommunications, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 10, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
2
First Department of Neurology, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
3
Applied Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
4
Department of Neurology, Faculty Hospital and Masaryk University, Jihlavska 20, 639 00 Brno, Czech Republic
5
Escola Superior Politecnica, Tecnocampus, Avda. Ernest Lluch 32, 083 02 Mataro, Barcelona, Spain
6
Institute for Technological Development and Innovation in Communications (IDeTIC), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35001 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
7
Neuromorphic Processing Laboratory (NeuVox Lab), Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, s/n, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28223 Madrid, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(12), 2339; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8122339
Submission received: 17 October 2018 / Revised: 13 November 2018 / Accepted: 19 November 2018 / Published: 22 November 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 2018 41st International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP))
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Abstract

Hypokinetic dysarthria, which is associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD), affects several speech dimensions, including phonation. Although the scientific community has dealt with a quantitative analysis of phonation in PD patients, a complex research revealing probable relations between phonatory features and progress of PD is missing. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore these relations and model them mathematically to be able to estimate progress of PD during a two-year follow-up. We enrolled 51 PD patients who were assessed by three commonly used clinical scales. In addition, we quantified eight possible phonatory disorders in five vowels. To identify the relationship between baseline phonatory features and changes in clinical scores, we performed a partial correlation analysis. Finally, we trained XGBoost models to predict the changes in clinical scores during a two-year follow-up. For two years, the patients’ voices became more aperiodic with increased microperturbations of frequency and amplitude. Next, the XGBoost models were able to predict changes in clinical scores with an error in range 11–26%. Although we identified some significant correlations between changes in phonatory features and clinical scores, they are less interpretable. This study suggests that it is possible to predict the progress of PD based on the acoustic analysis of phonation. Moreover, it recommends utilizing the sustained vowel /i/ instead of /a/.
Keywords: phonation; acoustic analysis; follow-up study; hypokinetic dysarthria; Parkinson’s disease phonation; acoustic analysis; follow-up study; hypokinetic dysarthria; Parkinson’s disease
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MDPI and ACS Style

Galaz, Z.; Mekyska, J.; Zvoncak, V.; Mucha, J.; Kiska, T.; Smekal, Z.; Eliasova, I.; Mrackova, M.; Kostalova, M.; Rektorova, I.; et al. Changes in Phonation and Their Relations with Progress of Parkinson’s Disease. Appl. Sci. 2018, 8, 2339. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8122339

AMA Style

Galaz Z, Mekyska J, Zvoncak V, Mucha J, Kiska T, Smekal Z, Eliasova I, Mrackova M, Kostalova M, Rektorova I, et al. Changes in Phonation and Their Relations with Progress of Parkinson’s Disease. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8(12):2339. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8122339

Chicago/Turabian Style

Galaz, Zoltan, Jiri Mekyska, Vojtech Zvoncak, Jan Mucha, Tomas Kiska, Zdenek Smekal, Ilona Eliasova, Martina Mrackova, Milena Kostalova, Irena Rektorova, and et al. 2018. "Changes in Phonation and Their Relations with Progress of Parkinson’s Disease" Applied Sciences 8, no. 12: 2339. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8122339

APA Style

Galaz, Z., Mekyska, J., Zvoncak, V., Mucha, J., Kiska, T., Smekal, Z., Eliasova, I., Mrackova, M., Kostalova, M., Rektorova, I., Faundez-Zanuy, M., Alonso-Hernandez, J. B., & Gomez-Vilda, P. (2018). Changes in Phonation and Their Relations with Progress of Parkinson’s Disease. Applied Sciences, 8(12), 2339. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8122339

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