Development of a Ferritin-Based Nanoparticle Vaccine against Classical Swine Fever
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Cells and Viruses
2.2. Construction of Recombinant Transfer Plasmids
2.3. Expression and Identification of Recombinant Baculovirus
2.4. Expression and Identification of Recombinant Protein
2.5. Optimization of Protein Expression Conditions and Protein Purification
2.6. Characterization by Transmission Electron Microscopy
2.7. Animals and Animal Welfare
2.8. Rabbits’ Immunization and Challenge
2.9. Detection of Specific Antibody Titers by ELISA
2.10. Detection of Neutralizing Antibody Titers
2.11. Lymphocyte Proliferation Assay
2.12. Serum Cytokine Levels Were Detected by ELISA
2.13. Viral Load Detection by qPCR
2.14. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Construction and Identification of the Recombinant Ferritin Nanoparticles
3.2. Expression and Purification of the Recombinant Protein
3.3. Ferritin Nanoparticles Were Identified by TEM
3.4. Detection of Antibody Titers in the Immunized Rabbits
3.5. Detection of the Proliferation of Lymphocytes and the Levels of Cytokines in Rabbits
3.6. Rectal Temperature Changes in Rabbits after Challenge
3.7. Viral Load Was Measured by qPCR
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Groups | Numbers of Rabbits | Vaccination | Type and Composition | Immune Dose | Immunization Pathway | Number of Injection | Challenge |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 5 | PBS | PBS | 1 mL (PBS) | IM | 2 (21 dpi, Booster immunization) | 100 RID50 C-strain (35 dpi, IV, 1dose) |
2 | 5 | Fe | W/O/W ISA 201 VG | 1 mL (40 µg, purified) | |||
3 | 5 | Fe-E2 | W/O/W ISA 201 VG | 1 mL (40 µg, purified) | |||
4 | 5 | Fe-E2B | W/O/W ISA 201 VG | 1 mL (40 µg, purified) | |||
5 | 5 | E2 | W/O/W ISA 201 VG | 1 mL (40 µg, purified) | |||
6 | 5 | E2B | W/O/W ISA 201 VG | 1 mL (40 µg, purified) | |||
7 | 5 | C-strain vaccine | C-strain attenuated vaccine (commercial vaccine) | 1 dose (commercial vaccine) |
Groups | Number | C-Strain Viral Load (copies/μL) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Spleen | Lymph Nodes | Peripheral Blood | ||
PBS | PBS-1 | 2.37 × 103 | 3.64 × 103 | 0.98 × 103 |
PBS-3 | 3.45 × 103 | 1.98 × 103 | 2.23 × 103 | |
PBS-5 | 4.32 × 103 | 3.12 × 103 | 2.36 × 103 | |
Fe | Fe-7 | 5.26 × 103 | 3.29 × 103 | 3.12 × 103 |
Fe-9 | 5.23 × 103 | 2.17 × 103 | 2.98 × 103 | |
Fe-10 | 2.13 × 103 | 4.23 × 103 | 3.01 × 103 | |
E2 | E2-12 | - | - | - |
E2-14 | - | - | - | |
E2-15 | - | - | - | |
E2B | E2B-17 | - | - | - |
E2B-18 | - | - | - | |
E2B-20 | - | - | - | |
Fe-E2 | Fe-E2-22 | - | - | - |
Fe-E2-24 | - | - | - | |
Fe-E2-25 | - | - | - | |
Fe-E2B | Fe-E2B-26 | - | - | - |
Fe-E2B-27 | - | - | - | |
Fe-E2B-29 | - | - | - | |
C | C-32 | - | - | - |
C-34 | - | - | - | |
C-35 | - | - | - |
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Song, Y.; Yuan, Z.; Ji, J.; Ruan, Y.; Li, X.; Wang, L.; Zeng, W.; Wu, K.; Hu, W.; Yi, L.; et al. Development of a Ferritin-Based Nanoparticle Vaccine against Classical Swine Fever. Vaccines 2024, 12, 948. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12080948
Song Y, Yuan Z, Ji J, Ruan Y, Li X, Wang L, Zeng W, Wu K, Hu W, Yi L, et al. Development of a Ferritin-Based Nanoparticle Vaccine against Classical Swine Fever. Vaccines. 2024; 12(8):948. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12080948
Chicago/Turabian StyleSong, Yiwan, Zhongmao Yuan, Junzhi Ji, Yang Ruan, Xiaowen Li, Lianxiang Wang, Weijun Zeng, Keke Wu, Wenshuo Hu, Lin Yi, and et al. 2024. "Development of a Ferritin-Based Nanoparticle Vaccine against Classical Swine Fever" Vaccines 12, no. 8: 948. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12080948