Tracking Measles and Rubella Elimination Progress—World Health Organization African Region, 2022–2023
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results
3.1. Coverage through Routine Immunization
3.2. Supplementary Immunization Activities (SIAs)
3.3. Measles and Rubella Surveillance and Incidence
3.4. Verification of Measles and Rubella Elimination
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Country | 2022 | 2021 | Year of Rubella Vaccine Introduction | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MCV1 | MCV2 | MCV1 | MCV2 | ||
Algeria | 79% | 71% | 79% | 73% | 2013 |
Angola | 37% | 25% | 36% | 22% | 2017 |
Benin | 68% | 68% | 2018 | ||
Botswana | 90% | 77% | 97% | 70% | 2015 |
Burkina Faso | 88% | 71% | 88% | 71% | 2014 |
Burundi | 89% | 85% | 90% | 85% | 2016 |
Cabo Verde | 95% | 86% | 95% | 86% | 2009 |
Cameroon | 65% | 44% | 62% | 35% | 2014 |
Central African Republic | 41% | 41% | |||
Chad | 56% | 2% | 55% | ||
Comoros | 86% | 79% | 90% | 19% | 2021 |
Congo | 65% | 34% | 68% | 31% | 2018 |
Côte d‘Ivoire | 65% | 20% | 68% | 1% | 2017 |
DR Congo | 56% | 55% | |||
Eq Guinea | 53% | 13% | 53% | 17% | |
Eritrea | 93% | 85% | 93% | 85% | 2017 |
Eswatini | 83% | 77% | 80% | 69% | 2015 |
Ethiopia | 56% | 48% | 54% | 46% | |
Gabon | 52% | 64% | |||
Gambia | 74% | 52% | 79% | 61% | 2015 |
Ghana | 95% | 84% | 94% | 83% | 2012 |
Guinea | 47% | 3% | 47% | ||
Guinea-Bissau | 75% | 1% | 63% | ||
Kenya | 90% | 56% | 89% | 57% | 2016 |
Lesotho | 81% | 75% | 90% | 82% | 2016 |
Liberia | 79% | 59% | 58% | 35% | |
Madagascar | 44% | 32% | 44% | 24% | |
Malawi | 82% | 60% | 90% | 74% | 2016 |
Mali | 70% | 44% | 70% | 33% | |
Mauritania | 72% | 63% | 2017 | ||
Mauritius | 98% | 93% | 87% | 83% | 1996 |
Mozambique | 84% | 70% | 84% | 70% | 2017 |
Namibia | 91% | 79% | 91% | 56% | 2015 |
Niger | 65% | 42% | 80% | 66% | |
Nigeria | 60% | 38% | 60% | 38% | |
Rwanda | 96% | 82% | 87% | 85% | 2013 |
Sao Tome and Principe | 77% | 69% | 77% | 69% | 2015 |
Senegal | 80% | 66% | 87% | 75% | 2012 |
Seychelles | 98% | 98% | 94% | 86% | 1980 |
Sierra Leone | 90% | 73% | 87% | 67% | 2018 |
South Africa | 86% | 86% | 87% | 82% | |
South Sudan | 72% | 74% | |||
Tanzania | 86% | 76% | 77% | 62% | 2013 |
Togo | 71% | 57% | 70% | 50% | 2017 |
Uganda | 90% | 49% | 90% | 2018 | |
Zambia | 90% | 81% | 90% | 81% | 2016 |
Zimbabwe | 90% | 77% | 88% | 76% | 2014 |
Country | Year | Type of SIAs | Age Group of Children Targeted | Number of Children Targeted | Number of Children Vaccinated | Administrative Coverage (Percent of Target) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Angola | 2022 | MR Follow-up | 9–59 months | 1,636,915 | 1,533,568 | 93.70% |
Angola | 2023 | MR Follow-up | 6–59 months | 2,990,813 | 2,575,131 | 86.10% |
Cameroon | 2022 | outbreak response | 6 mo–7 years | 1,179,372 | 1,119,550 | 94.90% |
Cameroon | 2023 | MR Follow-up | 9–59 months | 4,416,588 | 3,433,312 | 77.70% |
Central African Republic | 2023 | Measles follow-up | 6–59 months | 1,240,480 | 1,307,023 | 105.40% |
Chad | 2023 | Measles follow-up | 6–59 months | 1,999,072 | 2,238,730 | 112.00% |
Congo | 2022 | MR Follow up | 6 mo–9 yrs | 1,600,115 | 1,726,547 | 107.90% |
DR Congo | 2022 | outbreak response | 6–59 months | 3,368,775 | 3,372,997 | 100.10% |
DR Congo | 2023 | Measles follow-up | 9–59 months | 18,226,531 | 18,520,710 | 101.60% |
Ethiopia | 2022 | outbreak response | 6 mo–10 years | 649,065 | 686,381 | 105.70% |
Ethiopia | 2022 | Measles Follow-up | 6–59 months | 15,471,740 | 14,579,818 | 94.20% |
Ethiopia | 2023 | Measles Follow-up | 6–59 months | 830,535 | 690,668 | 83.20% |
Gabon | 2022 | Measles Follow-up | 9–59 months | 292,147 | 102,132 | 35.00% |
Gambia | 2022 | MR follow-up | 9–59 months | 341,446 | 180,506 | 52.90% |
Guinea | 2022 | Measles Follow-up | 6–59 months | 2,529,539 | 2,551,234 | 100.90% |
Lesotho | 2022 | MR Follow-up | 9–59 months | 189,643 | 85,582 | 45.10% |
Liberia | 2022 | outbreak response | 9–59 months | 313,817 | 283,579 | 90.40% |
Madagascar | 2022 | Measles Follow-up | 9–59 months | 4,355,433 | 4,142,296 | 95.10% |
Malawi | 2023 | MR Follow-up | 9–59 months | 3,180,449 | 2,644,144 | 83.10% |
Mozambique | 2023 | MR Follow-up | 9–59 months | 4,811,849 | 5,047,614 | 104.90% |
Namibia | 2022 | MR Follow-up | 9–59 months | 309,916 | 293,705 | 94.80% |
Niger | 2022 | outbreak response | 6–59 months | 992,259 | 990,839 | 99.80% |
Niger | 2022 | Measles follow-up | 9–59 months | 5,098,682 | 5,329,865 | 104.50% |
Nigeria | 2022 | Measles follow-up | 9–59 months | 5,736,063 | 6,281,891 | 119.50% |
Nigeria | 2022 | Measles follow-up | 9–59 months | 27,393,635 | 26,837,536 | 98.00% |
Nigeria | 2023 | Measles follow-up | 9–59 months | 15,181,695 | 15,824,218 | 104.20% |
S Africa | 2023 | Measles Follow-up | 6 mo–14 yrs | 17,700,872 | 9,593,955 | 54.20% |
S Sudan | 2023 | Measles follow-up | 6–59 months | 2,597,415 | 2,383,771 | 91.80% |
Togo | 2022 | MR follow-up | 9–59 months | 1,480,161 | 1,400,154 | 94.60% |
Uganda | 2022 | MR follow-up | 9–59 months | 7,015,156 | 6,608,277 | 94.20% |
Zambia | 2023 | outbreak response | 6 mo–10 yrs | 1,219,787 | 1,418,453 | 116.30% |
Zimbabwe | 2022 | MR follow up | 9–59 months | 2,292,989 | 1,970,123 | 85.90% |
Country | Total Population (In Millions) | Total Reported Measles Cases | Blood Specimens Collected | Lab Confirmed (IgM Positive) Measles | Lab Confirmed Rubella Cases | Measles Cases Confirmed by Epidemiological Linkage | Clinically Compatible Measles Cases | Total Confirmed Measles | Cases with Pending Results/Pending Classification | Measles Incidence Rate per 1,000,000 Population | Rubella Incidence Rate per 1,000,000 Population |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Algeria | 43.5 | 89 | 89 | 24 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 27 | 0 | 0.6 | 0.0 |
Angola | 34.1 | 2960 | 1665 | 24 | 85 | 1905 | 18 | 1947 | 540 | 57.1 | 2.5 |
Benin | 12.9 | 912 | 910 | 368 | 31 | 110 | 8 | 486 | 0 | 37.7 | 2.4 |
Botswana | 2.5 | 1471 | 1434 | 50 | 62 | 0 | 1 | 51 | 0 | 20.5 | 24.9 |
Burkina Faso | 22.9 | 1968 | 1568 | 596 | 10 | 968 | 32 | 1596 | 0 | 69.7 | 0.4 |
Burundi | 13.1 | 1936 | 475 | 115 | 37 | 1460 | 120 | 1695 | 24 | 129.4 | 2.8 |
Cameroon | 28.4 | 6812 | 1269 | 506 | 10 | 5612 | 56 | 6174 | 2 | 217.1 | 0.4 |
Cabo Verde | 0.6 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Central African Republic | 6.4 | 1928 | 537 | 144 | 120 | 1388 | 4 | 1536 | 5 | 240.0 | 18.8 |
Chad | 18.6 | 2853 | 2766 | 1130 | 186 | 87 | 289 | 1506 | 0 | 81.0 | 10.0 |
Comoros | 0.8 | 48 | 48 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 1.2 | 2.4 |
Congo | 6.1 | 598 | 399 | 184 | 5 | 199 | 9 | 392 | 0 | 64.7 | 0.8 |
Cote d’Ivoire | 31.5 | 5687 | 5612 | 1286 | 114 | 75 | 0 | 1361 | 0 | 43.1 | 3.6 |
D. R. Congo | 123.5 | 13,888 | 7304 | 4111 | 591 | 6426 | 125 | 10,662 | 108 | 86.4 | 4.8 |
Equatorial Guinea | 0.9 | 393 | 264 | 94 | 4 | 131 | 13 | 238 | 36 | 267.9 | 4.5 |
Eritrea | 3.8 | 105 | 105 | 18 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 5.0 | 1.3 |
Eswatini | 1.2 | 120 | 120 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 2.6 | 0.9 |
Ethiopia | 107.1 | 20,878 | 6673 | 2268 | 933 | 14,193 | 44 | 16,505 | 21 | 154.1 | 8.7 |
Gabon | 2.5 | 1296 | 149 | 56 | 7 | 1145 | 0 | 1201 | 2 | 480.4 | 2.8 |
Gambia | 1.7 | 241 | 239 | 33 | 13 | 2 | 2 | 37 | 0 | 21.2 | 7.5 |
Ghana | 32.1 | 5588 | 5587 | 1348 | 92 | 924 | 41 | 2313 | 0 | 72.1 | 2.9 |
Guinea | 13.6 | 533 | 532 | 28 | 63 | 177 | 0 | 205 | 0 | 15.0 | 4.6 |
Guinea Bissau | 2.1 | 267 | 267 | 3 | 155 | 14 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 8.1 | 74.0 |
Kenya | 52.3 | 2342 | 1997 | 580 | 50 | 247 | 3 | 830 | 50 | 15.9 | 1.0 |
Lesotho | 2.1 | 868 | 868 | 14 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 0 | 7.2 | 4.3 |
Liberia | 5.2 | 4525 | 43 | 43 | 0 | 4115 | 207 | 4365 | 0 | 831.6 | 0.0 |
Madagascar | 29.0 | 2033 | 1775 | 81 | 389 | 0 | 9 | 90 | 269 | 3.1 | 13.4 |
Malawi | 19.2 | 438 | 409 | 127 | 5 | 28 | 9 | 164 | 0 | 8.5 | 0.3 |
Mali | 22.5 | 796 | 796 | 364 | 15 | 1 | 71 | 436 | 0 | 19.4 | 0.7 |
Mauritania | 4.5 | 479 | 460 | 271 | 4 | 64 | 1 | 336 | 0 | 75.1 | 0.9 |
Mauritius | 5.0 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 1.0 | 0.0 |
Mozambique | 31.6 | 3630 | 3546 | 652 | 83 | 0 | 20 | 672 | -4 | 21.3 | 2.6 |
Namibia | 2.7 | 406 | 406 | 20 | 10 | 0 | 21 | 41 | 1 | 15.4 | 3.8 |
Niger | 25.4 | 1090 | 1087 | 608 | 61 | 26 | 52 | 686 | 0 | 27.0 | 2.4 |
Nigeria | 240.1 | 20,036 | 10,391 | 2067 | 2209 | 2209 | 7969 | 12,245 | 0 | 51.0 | 9.2 |
Rwanda | 13.1 | 1316 | 1315 | 44 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 44 | 0 | 3.4 | 0.9 |
Saotome and Principe | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Senegal | 18.3 | 1756 | 1756 | 561 | 30 | 0 | 60 | 621 | 0 | 34.0 | 1.6 |
Seychelles | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Sierra Leone | 8.7 | 207 | 207 | 119 | 5 | 21 | 0 | 140 | 0 | 16.1 | 0.6 |
South Africa | 60.6 | 4950 | 4934 | 884 | 96 | 0 | 4 | 888 | 99 | 14.7 | 1.6 |
South Sudan | 14.6 | 863 | 808 | 520 | 45 | 0 | 31 | 551 | 37 | 37.7 | 3.1 |
Tanzania | 61.3 | 4456 | 4208 | 1124 | 440 | 131 | 0 | 1255 | 263 | 20.5 | 7.2 |
Togo | 8.3 | 883 | 877 | 547 | 14 | 52 | 14 | 613 | 0 | 73.4 | 1.7 |
Uganda | 42.9 | 1648 | 1444 | 188 | 77 | 216 | 2 | 406 | 47 | 9.5 | 1.8 |
Zambia | 18.9 | 1552 | 1549 | 501 | 50 | 170 | 30 | 701 | 53 | 37.0 | 2.6 |
Zimbabwe | 17.0 | 1105 | 1103 | 17 | 136 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 130 | 1.1 | 8.0 |
African Region | 1213.0 | 125,957 | 77,998 | 21,727 | 6268 | 42,098 | 9269 | 73,094 | 1694 | 60.3 | 5.2 |
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Masresha, B.G.; Wiysonge, C.S.; Katsande, R.; O’Connor, P.M.; Lebo, E.; Perry, R.T. Tracking Measles and Rubella Elimination Progress—World Health Organization African Region, 2022–2023. Vaccines 2024, 12, 949. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12080949
Masresha BG, Wiysonge CS, Katsande R, O’Connor PM, Lebo E, Perry RT. Tracking Measles and Rubella Elimination Progress—World Health Organization African Region, 2022–2023. Vaccines. 2024; 12(8):949. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12080949
Chicago/Turabian StyleMasresha, Balcha G., Charles Shey Wiysonge, Reggis Katsande, Patrick Michael O’Connor, Emmaculate Lebo, and Robert T. Perry. 2024. "Tracking Measles and Rubella Elimination Progress—World Health Organization African Region, 2022–2023" Vaccines 12, no. 8: 949. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12080949