Enhanced Effects of ISA 207 Adjuvant via Intradermal Route in Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine for Pigs
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Cell and Virus
2.2. Preparation of Experimental Vaccines
2.3. Animal Experimentation
2.3.1. Comparison of the Effects of Different Adjuvants for ID Vaccination in Specific Pathogen-Free Mini Pigs
2.3.2. Comparison of the Effect of Adjuvant ISA 207 in Different Delivery Conditions in SPF Mini Pigs
2.3.3. ID Vaccination in the Field Setting Using Selected Adjuvants and a Needle-Free Device with Pigs from an Ordinary Farm
2.4. Quantification of FMDV RNA in Serum and Nasal Swabs
2.5. ELISA for Detecting FMDV Specific Sero-Conversion
2.6. Virus Neutralization Test
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Immunogenicity of ID Administration Using the FMDV Antigen with Eight Different Adjuvants (Exp 1)
3.2. Clinical Score and Protection, in the Immunized and Challenged Pigs (Exp 2)
3.3. Serological Response in Domestic Pigs Vaccinated Using Selected Adjuvants with a Needle-Free ID Injector (Exp 3)
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Exp No. | Groups | Identification of Pigs | Antigen Payload (μg/head) | Adjuvants | Administration Route | Injected Volume/Dose (mL) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Exp1 SPF/N | G1 | #26, #20 | 12 | No | ID | 0.2 |
G2 | #19, #21 | 12 | ISA 206 | ID | 0.2 | |
G3 | #23, #24 | 12 | ISA 201 | ID | 0.2 | |
G4 | #25, #11 | 12 | ISA 207 | ID | 0.2 | |
G5 | #8, #12 | 12 | Emulsigen-D | ID | 0.2 | |
G6 | #27, #22 | 12 | Emulsigen-D + Al(OH)3 | ID | 0.2 | |
G7 | #9, #15 | 12 | Al(OH)3 | ID | 0.2 | |
G8 | #17, #13 | 12 | IMS1313 | ID | 0.2 | |
G9 | #16, #14 | 12 | GEL 01 | ID | 0.2 | |
Exp2 SPF/N | C1 | #77, #83, #89 | 12 | ISA 207 | ID | 0.2 |
C2 | #78, #84, #90 | 1.2 | ISA 207 | ID | 0.2 | |
C3 | #79, #85, #91 | 12 | ISA 207 | IM | 1 | |
C4 | #80, #86, #74 | 1.2 | ISA 207 | IM | 1 | |
C5 | #2 | No | ISA 207 | ID | 0.2 | |
C6 | #3 | No | ISA 207 | IM | 1 | |
Exp3 FP/NFD | F1 | #2, #3, #6, #9, #10 | 12 | ISA 207 | ID | 0.2 |
F2 | #21, #22, #23, #27, #29 | 12 | ISA 201 | ID | 0.2 | |
F3 | #14, #15, #16, #18, #19 | No | ISA 207 | ID | 0.2 |
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Hwang, J.-h.; Lee, K.-N.; Kim, S.-M.; Kim, H.; Park, S.-H.; Kim, D.-W.; Cho, G.; Lee, Y.-H.; Lee, J.-S.; Park, J.-H. Enhanced Effects of ISA 207 Adjuvant via Intradermal Route in Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine for Pigs. Vaccines 2024, 12, 963. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12090963
Hwang J-h, Lee K-N, Kim S-M, Kim H, Park S-H, Kim D-W, Cho G, Lee Y-H, Lee J-S, Park J-H. Enhanced Effects of ISA 207 Adjuvant via Intradermal Route in Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine for Pigs. Vaccines. 2024; 12(9):963. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12090963
Chicago/Turabian StyleHwang, Ji-hyeon, Kwang-Nyeong Lee, Su-Mi Kim, Hyejin Kim, Sung-Han Park, Dong-Wan Kim, Giyoun Cho, Yoon-Hee Lee, Jong-Soo Lee, and Jong-Hyeon Park. 2024. "Enhanced Effects of ISA 207 Adjuvant via Intradermal Route in Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine for Pigs" Vaccines 12, no. 9: 963. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12090963