Short-Term Atorvastatin Therapy in Healthy Individuals Results in Unaltered Plasma MMP Levels and Disrupted MMP-7 Correlation with Blood Lipids and Blood Count-Derived Inflammatory Markers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Sample Collection
2.2. Statin Treatment
2.3. MMP Multiplex Assay
2.4. Lipid Profile and Chemistry Assays
2.5. Statistical Analysis
2.6. Logistics and Ethics Approval
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Influence of Statins on MMPs
4.2. MMPs and Atherosclerosis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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General Data | |||
---|---|---|---|
Median | Range | IQR | |
Sex | n = 21 (8 male, 13 female) | ||
Age (years) | 28.00 | 25.00–63.00 | 26.00–49.25 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.60 | 19.50–33.10 | 21.20–24.47 |
Treatment duration (days) | 28.00 | 26.00–31.00 | 27.75–28.00 |
Chemistry tests | |||
Baseline | After treatment | p-value | |
Albumin (g/dL) | 4.63 [4.47–4.73] | 4.66 [4.52–4.77] | - |
AST (U/L) | 26.4 [21.1–29.1] | 29.2 [24.9–31.3] | 0.035 |
ALT (U/L) | 11.4 [9.3–16.8] | 13.8 [10.2–23.8] | 0.002 |
AST/ALT | 1.79 [1.61–2.50] | 1.85 [1.45–2.57] | - |
Amylase (U/L) | 65.0 [51.0–80.4] | 70.7 [53.9–80.3] | - |
CK (U/L) | 92.2 [71.0–112.5] | 100.4 [75.5–136.2] | 0.022 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.72 [0.64–0.86] | 0.73 [0.66–0.81] | - |
GGT (U/L) | 21.6 [16.1–30.1] | 23.4 [18.3–38.7] | - |
Glucose (mg/dL) | 84.0 [78.0–89.0] | 86.0 [76.2–91.7] | - |
LDH (U/L) 1 | 371.2 [240.9–526.2] | 446.0 [384.4–535.8] | 0.049 |
hsCRP (mg/L) 2 | 0.70 [0.40–2.27] | 0.60 [0.30–1.10] | 0.025 |
Blood count | |||
WBC (×103/µL) | 6.04 [5.55–7.00] | 6.54 [5.06–7.71] | - |
Neutrophil (×103/µL) | 3.21 [2.80–3.66] | 3.46 [2.54–4.42] | - |
Lymphocyte (×103/µL) | 2.12 [1.89–2.43] | 2.26 [1.72–2.65] | - |
Monocyte (×103/µL) | 0.48 [0.39–0.58] | 0.51 [0.40–0.60] | - |
MLR | 0.23 [0.17–0.27] | 0.22 [0.17–0.28] | - |
NLR | 1.51 [1.16–1.98] | 1.63 [1.26–2.33] | - |
dNLR | 1.09 [0.93–1.50] | 1.27 [0.97–1.64] | - |
SIRI | 0.75 [0.55–0.96] | 0.85 [0.53–1.11] | - |
NHR | 62.2 [51.2–89.3] | 73.5 [52.1–85.9] | - |
MHR | 9.6 [7.0–12.5] | 9.4 [6.5–14.0] | - |
LHR | 41.1 [33.6–55.8] | 39.7 [29.0–55.6] | - |
Lipid profile | |||
Baseline | After treatment | p-value | |
TC (mg/dL) | 194.8 [166.3–222.9] | 134.0 [112.0–142.5] | 0.0001 |
HDLC (mg/dL) | 52.7 [37.8–65.0] | 53.3 [41.5–60.9] | - |
dLDLC direct (mg/dL) | 116.3 [87.1–155.6] | 66.3 [51.9–77.5] | 0.0001 |
LDLC calculated (mg/dL) | 110.4 [82.5–143.6] | 61.8 [48.7–73.6] | 0.0001 |
Non-HDLC (mg/dL) | 149.0 [100.1–174.1] | 76.8 [57.6–98.5] | 0.0001 |
TG (mg/dL) | 81.1 [70.4–117.0] | 66.6 [51.4–96.8] | 0.001 |
Lipoprotein(a) (mg/dL) 3 | 14.6 [12.5–24.4] | 16.4 [16.1–23.2] | - |
TC/HDLC | 3.67 [2.78–4.50] | 2.47 [2.10–2.94] | <0.0001 |
dLDLC/HDLC | 2.51 [1.72–3.08] | 1.30 [0.94–1.64] | <0.0001 |
AIP | 0.17 [0.03–0.40] | 0.06 [−0.02 to 0.21] | 0.0021 |
MMPs | |||
Baseline | After statins | p-value | |
MMP-2 (ng/mL) | 136.3 [120.2–164.0] | 147.8 [134.3–163.2] | - |
MMP-7 (ng/mL) | 17.3 [12.4–23.6] | 18.3 [11.6–27.2] | - |
MMP-9 (ng/mL) | 64.8 [46.8–80.5] | 84.9 [54.1–103.3] | - |
MMP-2 | MMP-7 | MMP-9 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Before | After | Before | After | Before | After | |
MMP-2 | - | - | 0.29 | 0.58 *** | −0.35 | 0.54 ** |
MMP-7 | 0.29 | 0.58 *** | - | - | −0.05 | 0.39 # |
MMP-9 | −0.35 | 0.54 ** | −0.05 | 0.39 # | - | - |
Age | −0.13 | −0.29 | 0.51 * | −0.11 | −0.14 | −0.37 # |
BMI | −0.52 * | 0.34 | 0.11 | 0.46 * | −0.02 | 0.47 * |
hsCRP | −0.02 | −0.03 | 0.20 | 0.26 | 0.00 | 0.08 |
TC | 0.17 | 0.10 | 0.50 * | 0.03 | −0.26 | −0.44 * |
dLDLC | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.45 * | 0.13 | −0.34 | −0.41 # |
HDLC | 0.23 | 0.26 | −0.27 | −0.09 | −0.27 | −0.17 |
nHDLC | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0.56 ** | 0.16 | −0.20 | −0.38 # |
RemnantC | −0.06 | −0.15 | 0.49 * | 0.08 | 0.37 # | −0.06 |
TG | 0.02 | −0.16 | 0.50 * | −0.01 | 0.33 | −0.28 |
TC/HDLC | −0.05 | −0.18 | 0.60 *** | −0.02 | 0.02 | −0.25 |
LDLC/HDLC | 0.01 | −0.17 | 0.59 *** | 0.20 | −0.03 | −0.27 |
AIP | −0.10 | −0.33 | 0.45 * | 0.04 | 0.36 | −0.15 |
WBC | −0.18 | −0.14 | 0.40 # | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.16 |
NEU | −0.15 | −0.39 # | 0.44 * | 0.11 | 0.31 | 0.19 |
NLR | −0.02 | −0.40 # | 0.37 # | −0.31 | 0.12 | 0.37 # |
dNLR | −0.03 | −0.40 # | 0.37 # | −0.27 | 0.14 | 0.41 # |
NHR | −0.20 | −0.41 # | 0.48 * | 0.12 | 0.30 | 0.17 |
LY | −0.16 | 0.23 | 0.12 | 0.48 * | 0.26 | 0.00 |
LHR | −0.27 | −0.17 | 0.26 | 0.45 * | 0.35 | 0.15 |
MONO | −0.28 | −0.15 | 0.00 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.28 |
MLR | −0.09 | −0.33 | −0.17 | −0.50 * | −0.16 | 0.27 |
MHR | −0.31 | −0.36 | 0.15 | 0.08 | 0.31 | 0.30 |
SIRI | −0.10 | −0.48 * | 0.30 | −0.21 | 0.12 | 0.35 |
Intercept [95% CI] | Slope [95% CI] | R2 | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
TC/HDLC | 4.43 [−4.10–12.97] | 3.338 [1.229–5.447] | 0.36 | 0.003 |
dLDLC/HDLC | 6.97 [−1.15–15.09] | 4.176 [1.087–7.264] | 0.29 | 0.010 |
nHDLC | 5.47 [−3.71–14.67] | 0.084 [0.021–0.146] | 0.29 | 0.011 |
Age | 7.32 [−1.11–15.74] | 0.269 [0.055–0.483] | 0.26 | 0.016 |
TG | 12.90 [8.31–17.49] | 0.037 [0.006–0.068] | 0.25 | 0.020 |
RemnantC | 14.41 [10.69–18.12] | 0.182 [0.028–0.335] | 0.24 | 0.022 |
AIP | 14.83 [11.12–18.55] | 9.096 [0.465–17.728] | 0.20 | 0.039 |
TC | 5.92 [−6.68–18.53] | 0.058 [−0.004–0.121] | 0.16 | 0.066 |
LDLC | 9.08 [−1.05–19.22] | 0.065 [−0.011–0.143] | 0.14 | 0.090 |
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Mănescu, I.B.; Mănescu, M.; Bărcuțean, L.I.; Demian, L.; Dobreanu, M. Short-Term Atorvastatin Therapy in Healthy Individuals Results in Unaltered Plasma MMP Levels and Disrupted MMP-7 Correlation with Blood Lipids and Blood Count-Derived Inflammatory Markers. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 4743. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13164743
Mănescu IB, Mănescu M, Bărcuțean LI, Demian L, Dobreanu M. Short-Term Atorvastatin Therapy in Healthy Individuals Results in Unaltered Plasma MMP Levels and Disrupted MMP-7 Correlation with Blood Lipids and Blood Count-Derived Inflammatory Markers. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(16):4743. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13164743
Chicago/Turabian StyleMănescu, Ion Bogdan, Măriuca Mănescu, Laura Iulia Bărcuțean, Liliana Demian, and Minodora Dobreanu. 2024. "Short-Term Atorvastatin Therapy in Healthy Individuals Results in Unaltered Plasma MMP Levels and Disrupted MMP-7 Correlation with Blood Lipids and Blood Count-Derived Inflammatory Markers" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 16: 4743. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13164743