Mortality Outcomes and Contributing Risk Factors in Patients with Hospital-Associated Disability
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Automated Screening System for Hospital-Associated Disability
2.3. Diagnostic Criteria for Hospital-Associated Disability
2.4. Quantitative Assessment of Functional Decline
2.5. Measurement of Body Composition Using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patient Characteristics
3.2. Risk Factors Associated with 3-Month Mortality
3.3. Phase Angle and Mortality of Patients with HAD
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Total Population, n = 206 (100%) | 3 Months Survivors, n = 150 (72.8%) | 3 Months Non-Survivors, n = 56 (27.2%) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (SD) | 73.1 (12.5) | 73.2 (12.6) | 72.8 (12.4) | 0.85 |
Sex (Male, %) | 115 (55.8) | 73 (48.7) | 42 (75.0) | <0.001 |
BMI, mean (SD) | 21.4 (3.9) | 21.2 (3.9) | 21.8 (4.1) | 0.40 |
Former/current smoker (%) | 65 (31.6) | 42 (28.0) | 23 (41.1) | 0.07 |
Comorbidities | ||||
Hypertension (%) | 108 (52.4) | 80 (53.3) | 28 (50.0) | 0.67 |
Diabetes mellitus (%) | 93 (45.2) | 71 (47.3) | 22 (39.3) | 0.30 |
Chronic kidney disease (%) | 43 (20.9) | 31 (20.7) | 12 (21.4) | 0.90 |
Coronary artery disease (%) | 32 (15.5) | 24 (16.0) | 8 (14.3) | 0.76 |
Heart failure (%) | 20 (9.7) | 15 (10.0) | 5 (8.9) | 0.82 |
Cerebrovascular disease (%) | 33 (16.0) | 23 (15.3) | 10 (17.9) | 0.66 |
Asthma (%) | 9 (4.4) | 7 (4.7) | 2 (3.6) | 1.00 |
COPD (%) | 12 (5.8) | 9 (6.0) | 3 (5.4) | 1.00 |
Cancer (%) | 73 (35.4) | 44 (29.3) | 29 (51.8) | <0.01 |
History of ICU admission (%) | 44 (21.4) | 37 (24.7) | 7 (12.5) | 0.06 |
Total ICU days, mean (SD) (a) | 11.6 (9.3) | 11.8 (9.7) | 10.4 (7.0) | 0.72 |
Physical function | ||||
MMT, mean (SD) | 39.2 (7.6) | 39.5 (6.6) | 38.2 (9.6) | 0.36 |
BBS, mean (SD) | 7.2 (9.9) | 7.9 (10.4) | 5.6 (8.5) | 0.14 |
Grip (b) (Low, %) | 200 (97.1) | 145 (96.7) | 55 (96.7) | 1.00 |
Activities of daily living | ||||
MBI, mean (SD) | 26.7 (24.3) | 28.6 (23.8) | 21.5 (25.1) | 0.07 |
Body composition | ||||
SMI (c) (Low, %) | 199 (79.3) | 159 (77.2) | 40 (71.4) | 0.23 |
Phase angle, mean (SD) | 3.4 (1.2) | 3.5 (1.2) | 3.1 (1.1) | <0.05 |
PBF (%), mean (SD) | 28.1 (11.2) | 29.1 (10.9) | 25.4 (11.4) | <0.05 |
Univariate | Multivariate | |||||
Variables | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | p-Value |
Sex (male) | 3.16 | 1.60–6.27 | <0.01 | 3.23 | 1.58–6.61 | <0.01 |
Cancer | 2.59 | 1.38–4.86 | <0.01 | 2.18 | 1.13–4.20 | <0.05 |
Phase angle (50 kHz) | 0.74 | 0.54–0.99 | <0.05 | 0.69 | 0.50–0.95 | <0.05 |
PBF (%) | 0.97 | 0.94–0.99 | <0.05 |
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Jo, S.-J.; Lee, S.-H.; Min, H.-J.; Kim, H.-J.; Kong, H.-H. Mortality Outcomes and Contributing Risk Factors in Patients with Hospital-Associated Disability. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 4798. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13164798
Jo S-J, Lee S-H, Min H-J, Kim H-J, Kong H-H. Mortality Outcomes and Contributing Risk Factors in Patients with Hospital-Associated Disability. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(16):4798. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13164798
Chicago/Turabian StyleJo, Soo-Jeong, So-Hee Lee, Hyo-Jin Min, Hee-Ji Kim, and Hyun-Ho Kong. 2024. "Mortality Outcomes and Contributing Risk Factors in Patients with Hospital-Associated Disability" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 16: 4798. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13164798