P1 and N1 Characteristics in Individuals with Normal Hearing and Hearing Loss, and Cochlear Implant Users: A Pilot Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Pure-Tone Audiometry
2.3. Speech Testing
2.4. CAEP Recording and Preprocessing
2.5. Visual Evoked Potentials
2.6. Auditory Evoked Potentials
3. Results
3.1. Participant Characteristics
3.2. Speech Performance
3.3. Visual Evoked Potentials
3.4. Auditory Evoked Potentials
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group | Sex | Age | Four-Frequency Pure-Tone Average (Right/Left in dB) | Etiology of HL | Duration of HL (mos) | CI Side | Device |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NH1 | F | 32 | 7.1/5.9 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
NH2 | F | 23 | |||||
NH3 | F | 30 | |||||
NH4 | F | 23 | |||||
NH5 | M | 44 | |||||
NH6 | F | 43 | |||||
NH7 | M | 26 | |||||
HL1 | M | 54 | 62.5/59.7 | Sudden | 192 | N/A | N/A |
HL2 | M | 62 | Unknown | 24 | |||
HL3 | F | 63 | Unknown | 144 | |||
HL4 | F | 61 | Sudden | 288 | |||
CI1 | M | 42 | 59.0/81.5 | Chronic otitis media | 48 | L | KANSO 2 |
CI2 | F | 51 | Sudden | 24 | L | RONDO 2 | |
CI3 | F | 56 | Sudden | 96 | R | KANSO 2 | |
CI4 | F | 36 | Unknown | 240 | L | KANSO 2 | |
CI5 | F | 48 | Unknown | 240 | L | KANSO 2 |
Group | Average Amplitudes (µV) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Oz | O1 | O2 | |
NH | 5.7 | 7.6 | 7.4 |
HL | 5.3 | 6.1 | 5.7 |
Pre-CI | 5.6 | 8.2 | 7.8 |
Post-CI | 4.3 | 5.5 | 5.3 |
Stimulus | Group | Average Amplitudes (µV) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fz | T7 | Cz | T8 | Pz | ||
1000 Hz | NH | −5.9 | −2.6 | −5.1 | −3.2 | −3.1 |
HL | −2.5 | −1.4 | −2.3 | −0.7 | −1.6 | |
Pre-CI | −0.2 | −0.9 | 0.1 | −0.3 | 0.1 | |
/ba/ | NH | −3.3 | −1.9 | −3.0 | −2.1 | −2.0 |
HL | −4.3 | −2.3 | −4.3 | −1.5 | −2.8 | |
Pre-CI | −1.0 | −0.7 | −0.9 | −0.4 | −0.6 | |
/da/ | NH | −3.3 | −1.6 | −3.3 | −2.3 | −2.2 |
HL | −3.2 | −1.4 | −3.4 | −1.3 | −2.3 | |
Pre-CI | −1.1 | −1.0 | −1.1 | −1.7 | −1.2 |
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Seol, H.Y.; Kang, S.; Kim, S.; Kim, J.; Kim, E.; Hong, S.H.; Moon, I.J. P1 and N1 Characteristics in Individuals with Normal Hearing and Hearing Loss, and Cochlear Implant Users: A Pilot Study. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 4941. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13164941
Seol HY, Kang S, Kim S, Kim J, Kim E, Hong SH, Moon IJ. P1 and N1 Characteristics in Individuals with Normal Hearing and Hearing Loss, and Cochlear Implant Users: A Pilot Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(16):4941. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13164941
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeol, Hye Yoon, Soojin Kang, Sungkean Kim, Jihoo Kim, Euijin Kim, Sung Hwa Hong, and Il Joon Moon. 2024. "P1 and N1 Characteristics in Individuals with Normal Hearing and Hearing Loss, and Cochlear Implant Users: A Pilot Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 16: 4941. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13164941