Prevalence of Cardiomyopathy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population and Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.2. Anthropometric Evaluation
2.3. Biochemical Evaluation
2.4. Echocardiogram Assessment
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
Prevalence of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in the Population Studied
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | With DD (n = 26) | Without DD (n = 49) | p |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 40 ± 14 | 35 ± 11 | 0.21 |
Sex, women | 73% | 76% | 1.00 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.9 ± 4.12 | 25.2 ± 4.3 | 0.58 |
WC (cm) | 88 ± 9 | 89 ± 11 | 0.85 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 112 + 16 | 114 +17 | 0.74 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 72 + 10 | 71 + 9 | 0.66 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 97 ± 22 | 96 ± 22 | 0.90 |
Diabetes mellitus duration (years) | 27 ± 9 | 16 ± 10 | 0.002 |
Basal dose (IU/day) | 40 ± 22 | 49 ± 19 | 0.21 |
Bolus dose (IU/day) | 16 ± 10 | 16 ± 6 | 0.96 |
HbA1c (%) | 9.2 (7.6–9.9) | 9 (7.9–9.7) | 0.77 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 170 ± 32 | 160 ± 29 | 0.35 |
HDL (mg/dL) | 45 (38–53) | 48 (40–56) | 0.83 |
LDL (mg/dL) | 97 ± 25 | 86 ± 25 | 0.18 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.89 (0.77–1.06) | 0.81 (0.77–0.95) | 0.35 |
Glucose (mg/dL) | 151 ± 78 | 155 ± 74 | 0.85 |
Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.70 ± 1.3 | 3.96 ± 1.6 | 0.05 |
24 h urine microalbuminuria (µg/d) | 37 (13–48) | 16 (9–54) | 0.36 |
E (m/s) | 83 ± 6 | 81 ± 18 | 0.73 |
A (m/s) | 62 ± 0.7 | 57 ± 22 | 0.52 |
IVRT (ms) | 86.5 ± 7.7 | 85.8 ± 18.5 | 0.93 |
E/A (cm/s) | 0.94 ± 0.48 | 1.34 ± 0.28 | 0.02 |
LVEF (%) | 66 ± 5 | 64 ± 5 | 0.10 |
Hypertension | 27% | 17% | 0.46 |
Hypertriglyceridemia | 33% | 29% | 0.74 |
Hypercholesterolemia | 54% | 43% | 0.51 |
Hypothyroidism | 36% | 62 | 0.19 |
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) | 46% | 14% | 0.046 |
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) | 20% | 14% | 0.67 |
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) | 33% | 3% | 0.013 |
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Fabila-de la Cruz, O.D.; Luna-Avila, E.S.; Sotelo-González, M.d.P.; Litardo-Mosquera, A.D.; Orihuela, O.; Ferreira-Hermosillo, A. Prevalence of Cardiomyopathy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 5351. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13185351
Fabila-de la Cruz OD, Luna-Avila ES, Sotelo-González MdP, Litardo-Mosquera AD, Orihuela O, Ferreira-Hermosillo A. Prevalence of Cardiomyopathy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(18):5351. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13185351
Chicago/Turabian StyleFabila-de la Cruz, Oscar Daniel, Eduardo Salif Luna-Avila, María del Pilar Sotelo-González, Andrés D. Litardo-Mosquera, Oscar Orihuela, and Aldo Ferreira-Hermosillo. 2024. "Prevalence of Cardiomyopathy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 18: 5351. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13185351