18F-FDG-PET/CT Scan for Detection of Large Vessel Involvement in Giant Cell Arteritis: Arteser Spanish Registry

Estrada, Paula; Domínguez-Álvaro, Marta; Melero-González, Rafael B.; de Miguel, Eugenio; Silva-Díaz, Maite; Valero, Jesús A.; González, Ismael; Sánchez-Martín, Julio; Narváez, Javier; Galíndez, Eva; Mendizábal, Javier; Iñiguez-Ubiaga, Carlota L.; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Luis; Loricera, Javier; Muñoz, Alejandro; Moya-Alvarado, Patricia; Moran-Álvarez, Patricia; Navarro-Ángeles, Vanessa A.; Galisteo, Carlos; Castañeda, Santos; Blanco, Ricardo; on behalf of ARTESER Project Collaborative Group,

doi:10.3390/jcm13206215

Open AccessArticle

18F-FDG-PET/CT Scan for Detection of Large Vessel Involvement in Giant Cell Arteritis: Arteser Spanish Registry

by

Paula Estrada

¹

,

Marta Domínguez-Álvaro

²

,

Rafael B. Melero-González

³

,

Eugenio de Miguel

⁴,

Maite Silva-Díaz

⁵

,

Jesús A. Valero

⁶,

Ismael González

⁷,

Julio Sánchez-Martín

⁸,

Javier Narváez

⁹

,

Eva Galíndez

¹⁰,

Javier Mendizábal

¹¹,

Carlota L. Iñiguez-Ubiaga

¹²,

Luis Rodríguez-Rodríguez

¹³

,

Javier Loricera

¹⁴

,

Alejandro Muñoz

¹⁵,

Patricia Moya-Alvarado

¹⁶

,

Patricia Moran-Álvarez

¹⁷,

Vanessa A. Navarro-Ángeles

¹,

Carlos Galisteo

¹⁸,

Santos Castañeda

^19,†

,

Ricardo Blanco

^14,*,†

and

on behalf of ARTESER Project Collaborative Group

^‡ Show full author list Hide full author list

¹

Rheumatology Department, Complex Hospitalari Universitari Moisès Broggi, Universidad de Barcelona (UB), 08970 Barcelona, Spain

²

Research Unit, Sociedad Española de Reumatología, 28001 Madrid, Spain

³

Rheumatology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, 36312 Vigo, Spain

⁴

Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain

⁵

Rheumatology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain

⁶

Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Donosti, 20014 Donosti, Spain

⁷

Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario de León, 24008 León, Spain

⁸

Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain

⁹

Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain

¹⁰

Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario de Basurto, 48013 Bilbao, Spain

¹¹

Rheumatology Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain

¹²

Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, 27003 Lugo, Spain

¹³

Rheumatology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain

¹⁴

Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL Immunopathology Group, 39008 Santander, Spain

¹⁵

Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Sevilla, Spain

¹⁶

Rheumatology Department, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain

¹⁷

Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain

¹⁸

Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario Parc Taulí, 08208 Sabadell, Spain

¹⁹

Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, IIS–Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain

Show full affiliation list

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^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

^‡

Collaborators of the ARTESER Project Collaborative Group are provided in the Acknowledments.

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(20), 6215; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13206215

Submission received: 9 September 2024 / Revised: 6 October 2024 / Accepted: 16 October 2024 / Published: 18 October 2024

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vasculitis: Current Treatment and Future Options)

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Abstract

Background/Objectives: Imaging studies have transformed the diagnosis of large vessel vasculitis (LVV) involvement in giant cell arteritis (GCA). A positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) has emerged as a valuable tool for assessing LVV. We aimed to determine the utility of an 18F-FDG-PET/CT scan in detecting LVV in GCA in the ARTESER registry. Methods: The ARTESER study is a large multicenter, retrospective, longitudinal, and observational study, promoted by the Spanish Society of Rheumatology. It included patients newly diagnosed with GCA across 26 tertiary hospitals from 1 June 2013 to 29 March 2019. Patients with a diagnosis of incidental GCA were included if they fulfilled specific criteria, including the ACR 1990 criteria, positive imaging examinations, or the expert clinical opinion of investigators. Differences between patients with positive and negative 18F-FDG-PET/CT scan results were analyzed using a bivariate model. A regression model assessed associations in patients with a positive scan, and the predictive capacity of the cumulative dose of glucocorticoids (GC) on PET scan outcomes was evaluated using ROC curve analysis. Results: Out of 1675 GCA patients included in the registry, 377 met the inclusion criteria of having an 18F-FDG-PET/CT scan. The majority were diagnosed with a cranial GCA phenotype, and 65% had LVV. The thoracic aorta was the most frequently affected. Cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and older age had a negative association with a positive scan outcome. The OR for having a positive 18F-FDG-PET/CTC scan was lower as the number of days increased. Depending on the cumulative dosage of the GC, the 18F-FDG-PET/CT scan showed an AUC of 0.74, with a Youden index > 60 mg/day. Conclusions: Younger patients showed a higher probability of presenting LVV as detected by the 18F-FDG-PET/CT scan. The timing of the examination and the cumulative dosage of the GC influenced the likelihood of a positive result, with earlier tests being more likely to detect inflammation.

Keywords: 18F-FDG-PET/CT scan; large vessel vasculitis; aortitis; giant cell arteritis; imaging; nuclear medicine

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MDPI and ACS Style

Estrada, P.; Domínguez-Álvaro, M.; Melero-González, R.B.; de Miguel, E.; Silva-Díaz, M.; Valero, J.A.; González, I.; Sánchez-Martín, J.; Narváez, J.; Galíndez, E.; et al. 18F-FDG-PET/CT Scan for Detection of Large Vessel Involvement in Giant Cell Arteritis: Arteser Spanish Registry. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 6215. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13206215

AMA Style

Estrada P, Domínguez-Álvaro M, Melero-González RB, de Miguel E, Silva-Díaz M, Valero JA, González I, Sánchez-Martín J, Narváez J, Galíndez E, et al. 18F-FDG-PET/CT Scan for Detection of Large Vessel Involvement in Giant Cell Arteritis: Arteser Spanish Registry. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(20):6215. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13206215

Chicago/Turabian Style

Estrada, Paula, Marta Domínguez-Álvaro, Rafael B. Melero-González, Eugenio de Miguel, Maite Silva-Díaz, Jesús A. Valero, Ismael González, Julio Sánchez-Martín, Javier Narváez, Eva Galíndez, and et al. 2024. "18F-FDG-PET/CT Scan for Detection of Large Vessel Involvement in Giant Cell Arteritis: Arteser Spanish Registry" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 20: 6215. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13206215

APA Style

Estrada, P., Domínguez-Álvaro, M., Melero-González, R. B., de Miguel, E., Silva-Díaz, M., Valero, J. A., González, I., Sánchez-Martín, J., Narváez, J., Galíndez, E., Mendizábal, J., Iñiguez-Ubiaga, C. L., Rodríguez-Rodríguez, L., Loricera, J., Muñoz, A., Moya-Alvarado, P., Moran-Álvarez, P., Navarro-Ángeles, V. A., Galisteo, C., ... on behalf of ARTESER Project Collaborative Group. (2024). 18F-FDG-PET/CT Scan for Detection of Large Vessel Involvement in Giant Cell Arteritis: Arteser Spanish Registry. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(20), 6215. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13206215

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18F-FDG-PET/CT Scan for Detection of Large Vessel Involvement in Giant Cell Arteritis: Arteser Spanish Registry

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