Next Article in Journal
Ct-Perfusion Absolute Ghost Infarct Core Is a Rare Phenomenon Associated with Poor Collateral Status in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients
Previous Article in Journal
Mortality Trends in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis, 2013–2021: Data from National Health Insurance Service in Korea
Previous Article in Special Issue
Cognitive Impairment in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review of Related Molecular Biomarkers and a Meta-Analysis of Associated Demographic and Disease-Related Characteristics
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
JCM
Volume 14
Issue 9
10.3390/jcm14092990
jcm-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Review

Lipoprotein(a) as a Stroke Biomarker: Pathophysiological Pathways and Therapeutic Implications

by
Evangelos Panagiotopoulos
1,
Lina Palaiodimou
1,
Aikaterini Theodorou
1,
Georgia Papagiannopoulou
1,
Eleni Bakola
1,
Maria Chondrogianni
1,
Klearchos Psychogios
1,2,
Odysseas Kargiotis
2,
Apostolos Safouris
1,2,
Charalambos Vlachopoulos
3,
Sotirios Giannopoulos
1,
Marios Themistocleous
4,
Vaia Lambadiari
5,
Georgios Tsivgoulis
1 and
Maria-Ioanna Stefanou
1,6,*
1
Second Department of Neurology, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece
2
Stroke Unit, Metropolitan Hospital, 185 47 Piraeus, Greece
3
First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
4
Department of Neurosurgery, Agia Sofia Children’s Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece
5
Research Institute and Diabetes Center, Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 124 62 Athens, Greece
6
Department of Neurology and Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University of Tubingen, 72074 Tubingen, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(9), 2990; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14092990
Submission received: 8 March 2025 / Revised: 16 April 2025 / Accepted: 22 April 2025 / Published: 25 April 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers and Diagnostics in Neurological Diseases)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] has attracted widespread interest as a potential biomarker for cerebrovascular diseases due to its genetically determined and stable plasma concentration throughout life. Lp(a) exhibits pro-atherogenic and pro-thrombotic properties that contribute to vascular pathology in both extracranial and intracranial vessels. Elevated Lp(a) levels are strongly associated with large-artery atherosclerotic stroke, while data on its role in other ischemic subtypes and hemorrhagic stroke remains limited and inconsistent. Recent advances in Lp(a)-lowering therapies, such as antisense oligonucleotides and RNA-based agents, have demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing plasma Lp(a) levels. These advances have prompted increasing research into their potential application in the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases, aiming to determine whether Lp(a) reduction may translate into a reduced risk of stroke and large-artery atherosclerosis. This narrative review summarizes the current evidence on the association between Lp(a) and stroke, focusing on its utility in patient risk stratification. It also highlights existing knowledge gaps and outlines directions for future research, particularly in understanding subtype-specific effects and evaluating the clinical benefits of Lp(a)-targeted therapies.
Keywords: lipoprotein(a); stroke; atherosclerosis; small interfering RNA; antisense oligonucleotides; intracranial atherosclerosis; carotid artery diseases lipoprotein(a); stroke; atherosclerosis; small interfering RNA; antisense oligonucleotides; intracranial atherosclerosis; carotid artery diseases

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Panagiotopoulos, E.; Palaiodimou, L.; Theodorou, A.; Papagiannopoulou, G.; Bakola, E.; Chondrogianni, M.; Psychogios, K.; Kargiotis, O.; Safouris, A.; Vlachopoulos, C.; et al. Lipoprotein(a) as a Stroke Biomarker: Pathophysiological Pathways and Therapeutic Implications. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 2990. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14092990

AMA Style

Panagiotopoulos E, Palaiodimou L, Theodorou A, Papagiannopoulou G, Bakola E, Chondrogianni M, Psychogios K, Kargiotis O, Safouris A, Vlachopoulos C, et al. Lipoprotein(a) as a Stroke Biomarker: Pathophysiological Pathways and Therapeutic Implications. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 14(9):2990. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14092990

Chicago/Turabian Style

Panagiotopoulos, Evangelos, Lina Palaiodimou, Aikaterini Theodorou, Georgia Papagiannopoulou, Eleni Bakola, Maria Chondrogianni, Klearchos Psychogios, Odysseas Kargiotis, Apostolos Safouris, Charalambos Vlachopoulos, and et al. 2025. "Lipoprotein(a) as a Stroke Biomarker: Pathophysiological Pathways and Therapeutic Implications" Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 9: 2990. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14092990

APA Style

Panagiotopoulos, E., Palaiodimou, L., Theodorou, A., Papagiannopoulou, G., Bakola, E., Chondrogianni, M., Psychogios, K., Kargiotis, O., Safouris, A., Vlachopoulos, C., Giannopoulos, S., Themistocleous, M., Lambadiari, V., Tsivgoulis, G., & Stefanou, M.-I. (2025). Lipoprotein(a) as a Stroke Biomarker: Pathophysiological Pathways and Therapeutic Implications. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(9), 2990. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14092990

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop