The Impact of COPD in Trends of Urinary Tract Infection Hospitalizations in Spain, 2001–2018: A Population-Based Study Using Administrative Data
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Data Collection
2.2. Study Variables
2.3. Statistical Methods
2.4. Ethical Aspects
3. Results
3.1. Incidence of UTIs According to COPD
3.2. Characteristics of UTIs among Women and According to the Presence of COPD
3.3. Variables Associated with IHM among Men and Women with UTIs
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Men with COPD (38,971) | Men without COPD (289,008) | p |
---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (SD) | 78.59 (9.11) | 73.03 (13.12) | <0.001 |
40–54 years | 539 (1.38) | 32,082 (11.10) | <0.001 |
55–69 years | 5526 (14.18) | 69,485 (24.04) | |
70–84 years | 22,248 (57.09) | 128,401 (44.43) | |
≥85 years | 10,658 (27.35) | 59,040 (20.43) | |
CCI mean (SD) | 1.2 (0.93) | 1.04 (0.89) | <0.001 |
CCI = 0 | 10,807 (27.73) | 100,079 (34.63) | <0.001 |
CCI 1–2 | 14,735 (37.81) | 107,827 (37.31) | |
CCI > 2 | 13,429 (34.46) | 81,102 (28.06) | |
Urinary catheter, n (%) | 3348 (8.59) | 21,526 (7.45) | <0.001 |
LOHS, median (IQR) | 6 (6) | 6 (6) | 0.453 |
IHM, n (%) | 2175 (5.58) | 12,929 (4.47) | <0.001 |
Enterococcus, n (%) | 2075 (5.32) | 13,176 (4.56) | <0.001 |
Staphylococcus aureus, n (%) | 1021 (2.62) | 7483 (2.59) | 0.723 |
Klebsiella pneumoniae, n (%) | 1981 (5.08) | 14,962 (5.18) | 0.435 |
Escherichia coli, n (%) | 9849 (25.27) | 73,429 (25.41) | 0.575 |
Proteus, n (%) | 953 (2.45) | 8279 (2.86) | <0.001 |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, n (%) | 2355 (6.04) | 16,119 (5.58) | <0.001 |
Variables | Women with COPD (9971) | Women without COPD (410,508) | p |
---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (SD) | 79.89 (10.81) | 75.56 (14.45) | <0.001 |
40–54 years | 362 (3.63) | 51,722 (12.60) | <0.001 |
55–69 years | 1185 (11.88) | 61,694 (15.03) | |
70–84 years | 4503 (45.16) | 165,773 (40.38) | |
≥85 years | 3921 (39.32) | 131,319 (31.99) | |
CCI mean (SD) | 1.17 (0.88) | 1.01 (0.86) | <0.001 |
CCI = 0 | 2787 (27.95) | 145,512 (35.45) | <0.001 |
CCI 1–2 | 3864 (38.75) | 153,518 (37.4) | |
CCI > 2 | 3320 (33.3) | 111,478 (27.16) | |
Urinary catheter, n (%) | 377 (3.78) | 13,868 (3.38) | 0.028 |
LOHS, median (IQR) | 6 (6) | 6 (6) | 0.193 |
IHM, n (%) | 560 (5.62) | 20,212 (4.92) | 0.002 |
Enterococcus, n (%) | 337 (3.38) | 11,919 (2.9) | 0.005 |
Staphylococcus aureus, n (%) | 166 (1.66) | 6308 (1.54) | 0.344 |
Klebsiella pneumoniae, n (%) | 493 (4.94) | 19,638 (4.78) | 0.465 |
Escherichia coli, n (%) | 3640 (36.51) | 139,441 (33.97) | <0.001 |
Proteus, n (%) | 251 (2.52) | 11,042 (2.69) | 0.293 |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, n (%) | 238 (2.39) | 8822 (2.15) | 0.114 |
Variables | Men | Women | Both |
---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
Female sex | NA | NA | 0.99 (0.9–1.1) |
40–54 years | 1 | 1 | 1 |
55–69 years | 1.28 (0.66–2.47) | 3.56 (0.82–15.54) | 1.74 (0.96–3.18) |
70–84 years | 2.5 (1.32–4.74) | 10.04 (2.45–41.18) | 3.61 (2.02–6.46) |
≥85 years | 5.33 (2.82–10.09) | 18.27 (4.46–74.85) | 7.45 (4.17–13.33) |
CCI = 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
CCI 1–2 | 1.69 (1.48–1.92) | 1.47 (1.14–1.88) | 1.64 (1.46–1.84) |
CCI > 2 | 2.55 (2.25–2.9) | 2.1 (1.65–2.68) | 2.45 (2.19–2.74) |
Urinary catheter | 0.75 (0.64–0.89) | 0.8 (0.68–0.94) | |
Staphylococcus aureus | 1.5 (1.2–1.87) | 1.49 (1.21–1.84) | |
Klebsiella pneumoniae | 0.79 (0.63–0.98) | 0.81 (0.67–0.98) | |
Escherichia coli | 0.48 (0.42–0.54) | 0.5 (0.4–0.61) | 0.48 (0.43–0.53) |
Proteus | 0.7 (0.51–0.95) | 0.69 (0.52–0.9) | |
Year | 0.91 (0.89–0.94) | 0.91 (0.86–0.96) | 0.91 (0.89–0.93) |
Variables | Men | Women | Both |
---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
Female sex | NA | NA | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) |
40–54 years | 1 | 1 | 1 |
55–69 years | 1.95 (1.71–2.23) | 2.81 (2.46–3.22) | 2.38 (2.17–2.62) |
70–84 years | 4.8 (4.24–5.42) | 7.51 (6.65–8.5) | 6.08 (5.57–6.63) |
≥85 years | 10.24 (9.05–11.58) | 15.36 (13.59–17.36) | 12.66 (11.61–13.81) |
CCI = 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
CCI 1–2 | 1.68 (1.60–1.76) | 1.46 (1.41–1.52) | 1.55 (1.51–1.60) |
CCI > 2 | 2.41 (2.3–2.53) | 2.08 (2.00–2.16) | 2.21 (2.15–2.28) |
Urinary catheter | 0.71 (0.67–0.76) | 1.15 (1.07–1.23) | 0.89 (0.84–0.93) |
Staphylococcus aureus | 1.47 (1.35–1.60) | 1.74 (1.59–1.91) | 1.59 (1.50–1.70) |
Klebsiella pneumoniae | 0.73 (0.67–0.80) | 0.76 (0.71–0.82) | 0.75 (0.71–0.79) |
Escherichia coli | 0.51 (0.49–0.54) | 0.47 (0.45–0.49) | 0.49 (0.47–0.50) |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 0.75 (0.70–0.81) | - | 0.86 (0.81–0.91) |
Proteus | 0.76 (0.68–0.84) | 0.87 (0.80–0.94) | 0.82 (0.77–0.88) |
Year | 0.92 (0.91–0.93) | 0.95 (0.94–0.96) | 0.94 (0.93–0.94) |
COPD | 1.07 (1.01–1.13) | 0.99 (0.91–1.08) | 1.01 (0.97–1.06) |
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de Miguel-Diez, J.; Albaladejo-Vicente, R.; Palacios-Ceña, D.; Carabantes-Alarcon, D.; Zamorano-Leon, J.J.; Lopez-Herranz, M.; Lopez-de-Andres, A. The Impact of COPD in Trends of Urinary Tract Infection Hospitalizations in Spain, 2001–2018: A Population-Based Study Using Administrative Data. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 3979. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9123979
de Miguel-Diez J, Albaladejo-Vicente R, Palacios-Ceña D, Carabantes-Alarcon D, Zamorano-Leon JJ, Lopez-Herranz M, Lopez-de-Andres A. The Impact of COPD in Trends of Urinary Tract Infection Hospitalizations in Spain, 2001–2018: A Population-Based Study Using Administrative Data. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(12):3979. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9123979
Chicago/Turabian Stylede Miguel-Diez, Javier, Romana Albaladejo-Vicente, Domingo Palacios-Ceña, David Carabantes-Alarcon, José Javier Zamorano-Leon, Marta Lopez-Herranz, and Ana Lopez-de-Andres. 2020. "The Impact of COPD in Trends of Urinary Tract Infection Hospitalizations in Spain, 2001–2018: A Population-Based Study Using Administrative Data" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 12: 3979. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9123979