Inorganic Phosphate Solubilization by a Novel Isolated Bacterial Strain Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 and Its Application Potential as Biofertilizer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Isolation of Inorganic Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria from Agroecosystems Soils
2.2. Determination of Phosphate-Solubilizing Activity and Selection of Strain ITCB-09
2.3. 16S rRNA Gene Sequence Analysis
2.4. Detection of Phosphate Solubilization Mechanisms
2.4.1. Siderophores
2.4.2. Phosphatase Activity
2.4.3. Production and Characterization of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS)
2.5. Effect of Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 on Habanero Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) Seedling Growth
2.5.1. Cultivation of Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 for Inoculation
2.5.2. Preparation of Substrates for Habanero Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) Cultivation
2.5.3. Inoculation and Cultivation of Habanero Pepper
2.6. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Isolation of Inorganic Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria
3.2. Determination of Phosphate-Solubilizing Ability and Selection of the Strain ITCB-09
3.3. Identification of Bacterial Strain ITCB-09
3.4. Mechanisms of Phosphate Solubilization of Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09
3.4.1. Siderophores
3.4.2. Phosphatase Activity
3.4.3. EPS
3.5. Effect of Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 on the Growth of Habanero Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) Seedlings
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatments | Substrates | Nomenclature | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Control | Soil (leptosol) | Peat moss | Soil 50% + Peat Moss 50% | Peat Moss + Fertilizer (1 g/seed) | 1. C Soil 2. C Pm 3. C Soil + Pm 4. C Pm + Fert |
2. Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 in liquid | Soil (leptosol) | Peat moss | Soil 50% + Peat Moss 50% | Peat Moss + Fertilizer (1 g/seed) | 1. L Soil 2. L Pm 3. L Soil + Pm 4. L Pm + Fert |
3. Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 in beads | Soil (leptosol) | Peat moss | Soil 50% + Peat Moss 50% | Peat Moss + Fertilizer (1 g/seed) | 1. B Soil 2. B Pm 3. B Soil + Pm 4. B Pm + Fert |
No. | Bacterium Isolated | Cell Morphology | Gram Staining | No. | Bacterium Isolated | Cell Morphology | Gram Staining |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | ITCB-09 | Rod | - | 12. | ITCB-23 | Rod | - |
2. | ITCB-10 | Rod | - | 13. | ITCB-24 | Rod | - |
3. | ITCB-11 | Rod | - | 14. | ITCB-25 | Rod | - |
4. | ITCB-12 | Rod | - | 15. | ITCB-26 | Rod | - |
5. | ITCB-13 | Rod | - | 16. | ITCB-27 | Rod | - |
6. | ITCB-17 | Coccus | - | 17. | ITCB-28 | Rod | - |
7. | ITCB-18 | Rod | - | 18. | ITCB-29 | Rod | - |
8. | ITCB-19 | Rod | - | 19. | ITCB-30 | Rod | - |
9. | ITCB-20 | Rod | - | 20. | ITCB-31 | Rod | - |
10. | ITCB-21 | Rod | + | 21. | ITCB-32 | Rod | - |
11. | ITCB-22 | Rod | - |
Test Solutions | Absorbance |
---|---|
FeCl3 + FS | 2.568 |
FS + metanol | 0.742 |
FeCl3 + metanol | 0.469 |
Sugars Total | Hexuronic Acids | Proteins |
---|---|---|
42 ± 1.8% | 11 ± 1% | 36 ± 1.3% |
Treatments/Substrate | Germination Percentage |
---|---|
Control/Soil | 75% |
Control/Pm | 87.5% |
Control/Soil + Pm | 82.5% |
Control/Pm + Fert | 70% |
Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 in liquid/Soil | 65% |
Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 in liquid/Pm | 100% |
Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 in liquid/Soil + Pm | 92.5% |
Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 in liquid/Pm + Fert | 80% |
Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 in beads/Soil | 100% |
Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 in beads/Pm | 100% |
Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 in beads/Soil + Pm | 97.5% |
Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 in beads/Pm + Fert | 82.5% |
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Mendoza-Arroyo, G.E.; Chan-Bacab, M.J.; Aguila-Ramírez, R.N.; Ortega-Morales, B.O.; Canché Solís, R.E.; Chab-Ruiz, A.O.; Cob-Rivera, K.I.; Dzib-Castillo, B.; Tun-Che, R.E.; Camacho-Chab, J.C. Inorganic Phosphate Solubilization by a Novel Isolated Bacterial Strain Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 and Its Application Potential as Biofertilizer. Agriculture 2020, 10, 383. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10090383
Mendoza-Arroyo GE, Chan-Bacab MJ, Aguila-Ramírez RN, Ortega-Morales BO, Canché Solís RE, Chab-Ruiz AO, Cob-Rivera KI, Dzib-Castillo B, Tun-Che RE, Camacho-Chab JC. Inorganic Phosphate Solubilization by a Novel Isolated Bacterial Strain Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 and Its Application Potential as Biofertilizer. Agriculture. 2020; 10(9):383. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10090383
Chicago/Turabian StyleMendoza-Arroyo, Gustavo Enrique, Manuel Jesús Chan-Bacab, Ruth Noemi Aguila-Ramírez, Benjamín Otto Ortega-Morales, René Efraín Canché Solís, Antonio O. Chab-Ruiz, Katia I. Cob-Rivera, Benito Dzib-Castillo, Rodrigo Enrique Tun-Che, and Juan Carlos Camacho-Chab. 2020. "Inorganic Phosphate Solubilization by a Novel Isolated Bacterial Strain Enterobacter sp. ITCB-09 and Its Application Potential as Biofertilizer" Agriculture 10, no. 9: 383. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10090383