Comparative Analyses of Green Plantlet Regeneration in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Anther Culture
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Materials
2.2. Preparation of In Vitro Anther Cultures
2.3. Plant Regeneration and Acclimatization of Anther Culture-Derived Green Plants
2.4. Ploidy-Level Analyses of Anther Culture-Derived Green Plantlets
2.5. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Androgenesis Induction in Anther Culture of Barley F1 Combinations
3.2. Production of Anther Culture-Derived ELSs for Plant Regeneration Experiments
3.3. Plant Regeneration of Anther Culture-Derived ELSs
3.4. Rooting of Anther Culture-Derived Green Plantlets
3.5. Application of Anther Culture with Eight F1 Cross-combinations
3.6. Determination of Ploidy Level of Anther Culture-Derived Plantlets
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Genotype | ‘SU Ellen×GKH-88-19’ | ‘GKH-88-19×GKH-39-18’ | ‘Leopard×GK Judy’ | ‘GK Stramm×Leopard’ | Mean of Genotypes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean of ELSs/100 anthers | 317.00 b | 435.50 a | 221.71c | 325.00 b | 324.80 |
df | MS of Green Plantlets/100 Anthers | MS of Albinos/100 Anthers | MS of Total Plantlets/100 Anthers | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Regeneration Media | 1 | 5632.145 * | 1453.062 ** | 12,806.690 ** |
Genotype | 3 | 31,738.660 *** | 3007.715 *** | 49,421.820 *** |
Interaction | 3 | 117.447 ns | 435.030 ns | 1003.139 ns |
Error | 56 | 930.846 | 169.334 | 1555.050 |
Genotype | Number of Regenerated Plantlets/100 Anthers | ||
---|---|---|---|
Plant Regeneration Media | |||
FHGR | K4NB | Mean of Media (CV) | |
‘SU Ellen×GKH-88-19’ (6-row) | 143.5 b A | 164.83 a A | 154.17 (9.78) |
‘GKH-88-19×GKH-39-18’ (6-row) | 99.5 b B | 138.67 a A | 119.08 (23.26) |
‘Leopard×GK Judy’ (2-row) | 26.86 a C | 36.19 a C | 31.52 (20.94) |
‘GK Stramm×Leopard’ (2-row) | 38.5 b C | 81.83 a B | 60.17 (50.93) |
Mean of Genotypes | 77.09 | 105.38 | 91.24 (21.93) |
Number of Albinos/100 Anthers | |||
Plant Regeneration Media | |||
FHGR | K4NB | Mean of Media (CV) | |
‘SU Ellen×GKH-88-19’ (6-row) | 30.00 a A | 35.17 a B | 32.58 (11.21) |
‘GKH-88-19×GKH-39-18’ (6-row) | 34.00 b A | 50.33 a A | 42.17 (27.39) |
‘Leopard×GK Judy’ (2-row) | 14.29 a B | 11.24 a D | 12.76 (16.89) |
‘GK Stramm×Leopard’ (2-row) | 7.00 b B | 26.67 a C | 16.83 (82.61) |
Mean of Genotypes | 21.32 | 30.85 | 26.09 (25.83) |
Number of Green Plantlets/100 Anthers | |||
Plant Regeneration Media | |||
FHGR | K4NB | Mean of Media (CV) | |
‘SU Ellen×GKH-88-19’ (6-row) | 113.50 b A | 129.67 a A | 121.58 (9.4) |
‘GKH-88-19×GKH-39-18’ (6-row) | 65.50 b B | 88.33 a B | 76.92 (20.99) |
‘Leopard×GK Judy’ (2-row) | 12.57 a C | 24.95 a D | 18.76 (46.66) |
‘GK Stramm×Leopard’ (2-row) | 31.50 b C | 55.17 a C | 43.33 (38.62) |
Mean of Genotypes | 55.77 | 74.53 | 65.15 (20.36) |
df | MS of Rooted Plantlets | MS of Acclimatized Plantlets | |
---|---|---|---|
Genotype | 3 | 8597.083 * | 90.816 ** |
Media | 3 | 44,734.420 *** | 187.982 *** |
Error | 9 | 1341.250 | 10.583 |
Genotype | Number of Rooted Plantlets | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plant Reg. (FHGR or K4NB) and Rooting Media (MSr, N6I or ½N6I + Ca) | |||||
FHGR, MSr | K4NB, N6I | K4NB, ½N6I + Ca | K4NB, MSr | Mean of Media (CV) | |
‘SU Ellen×GKH-88-19’ (6-row) | 130 b A | 285 a A | 309 a A | 341 a A | 266.25 (49.09) |
‘GKH-88-19×GKH-39-18’ (6-row) | 102 b A | 214 a B | 35 c B | 75 bc B | 172.75 (46.32) |
‘Leopard×GK Judy’ (2-row) | 11 a B | 35 a C | 29 a B | 53 a B | 32.00 (58.52) |
‘GK Stramm×Leopard’ (2-row) | 27 b B | 75 ab C | 66 ab B | 110 a B | 69.50 (55.78) |
Mean of Genotypes | 54.2 | 122.2 | 119.0 | 139.0 | 108.6 |
Number of Acclimatized Plantlets | |||||
Plant Reg. (FHGR or K4NB) and Rooting Media (MSr, N6I or ½N6I + Ca) | |||||
FHGR, MSr | K4NB, N6I | K4NB, ½N6I + Ca | K4NB, MSr | Mean of Media | |
‘SU Ellen×GKH-88-19’ (6-row) | 11 c A | 72 b A | 186 a A | 183 a A | 113.00 (71.84) |
‘GKH-88-19×GKH-39-18’ (6-row) | 1 b A | 60 ab AB | 85 a B | 70 a B | 54.00 (66.73) |
‘Leopard×GK Judy’ (2-row) | 1 a A | 3 a B | 11 a C | 14 a B | 7.25 (78.16) |
‘GK Stramm×Leopard’ (2-row) | 0 a A | 7 a B | 16 a C | 48 a B | 17.75 (101.14) |
Mean of Genotypes | 2.8 | 28.8 | 60.2 | 63.80 | 38.90 |
Percentage of Acclimatization (%) | |||||
Plant Reg. (FHGR or K4NB) and Rooting Media (MSr, N6I or ½N6I + Ca) | |||||
FHGR, MSr | K4NB, N6I | K4NB, ½N6I + Ca | K4NB, MSr | Mean of Media | |
‘SU Ellen×GKH-88-19’ (6-row) | 8.50 c A | 25.30 b A | 60.20 a A | 53.70 a A | 36.9 (65.3) |
‘GKH-88-19×GKH-39-18’ (6-row) | 1.00 c A | 28.00 b A | 45.20 a B | 37.40 ab B | 27.9 (67.3) |
‘Leopard×GK Judy’ (2-row) | 9.10 b A | 8.60 b B | 37.90 a BC | 26.40 a B | 20.5 (67.64) |
‘GK Stramm×Leopard’ (2-row) | 0.00 c A | 9.30 c B | 24.20 b C | 43.60 a AB | 19.3 (86.66) |
Mean of Genotypes | 3.91 | 14.64 | 34.12 | 33.03 | 21.42 (59.44) |
Genotype | Number of Green plantlets/100 Anthers | Number of Albinos/100 Anthers | Total Transplanted Plantlets | Total Acclimatized Plantlets | Percentage of Acclimatization |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
‘GK Árpád×Quadriga’ | 89.38 | 15.38 | 432 | 358 | 82.9% |
‘GKH-36-20×GKH-88-19’ | 56.33 | 13.75 | 391 | 290 | 74.2% |
‘SU Ellen×GKH-88-19’ | 129.67 | 35.17 | 341 | 183 | 53.7% |
‘GKH-88-19×GKH-39-18’ | 88.33 | 50.33 | 187 | 70 | 37.4% |
‘GW3801×GKH-36-20’ | 28.13 | 17.38 | 195 | 146 | 74.9% |
‘Leopard×GK Judy’ | 24.95 | 11.24 | 53 | 14 | 26.4% |
‘Monroe×Leopard’ | 63.50 | 25.63 | 560 | 294 | 52.5% |
‘GK Stramm×Leopard’ | 55.17 | 26.67 | 110 | 48 | 43.6% |
Summa (Mean) | (66.93) | (24.44) | 2269 (283.625) | 1403 (175.375) | 61.83% |
Genotype | Haploid (n) | DH (2n) | Tetraploid (4n) | Number of Tested Acclimatized Plantlets |
---|---|---|---|---|
‘SU Ellen×GKH-88-19’ | 12 (23.08%) | 36 (69.23%) | 4 (7.69%) | 52 |
‘GKH-88-19×GKH-39-18’ | 13 (22.03%) | 41 (69.49%) | 5 (8.47%) | 59 |
Total Number (Percentage) of Plantlets with Different Ploidy Levels | 25 (22.52%) | 77 (69.37%) | 9 (8.11%) | 111 (100%) |
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Lantos, C.; Markó, F.; Mihály, R.; Pauk, J. Comparative Analyses of Green Plantlet Regeneration in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Anther Culture. Agriculture 2024, 14, 1440. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14091440
Lantos C, Markó F, Mihály R, Pauk J. Comparative Analyses of Green Plantlet Regeneration in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Anther Culture. Agriculture. 2024; 14(9):1440. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14091440
Chicago/Turabian StyleLantos, Csaba, Ferenc Markó, Róbert Mihály, and János Pauk. 2024. "Comparative Analyses of Green Plantlet Regeneration in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Anther Culture" Agriculture 14, no. 9: 1440. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14091440