The Combined Effect of Two Alternaria Mycotoxins (Alternariol and Alternariol Monomethyl Ether) on Porcine Epithelial Intestinal Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Effects of AOH, AME, and a Combination of the Two on IPEC-1 Cell Viability
3.2. Types of Interactions between Mycotoxins Related to IPEC-1 Cell Viability
3.3. Effects of AOH, AME, and Combinations Thereof on Reactive Oxygen Species
3.4. Effects of AOH, AME, and Their Combinations on Protein, Lipid, and DNA Oxidation
3.5. Effects of AOH, AME, and a Combination of the Two on Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in IPEC-1 Cells
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cell Viability | CI Value * | Toxin Concentration (μM) | DRI | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
AOH | AME | AOH | AME | ||
fa = 0.25 (IL25) | 0.51 | 170.1 | 96.3 | 5.3 | 3.03 |
fa = 0.5 (IL50) | 0.33 | 43.2 | 38.5 | 6.36 | 5.67 |
fa = 0.75 (IL75) | 0.22 | 10.9 | 15.4 | 7.55 | 10.6 |
fa = 0.9 (IL90) | 0.16 | 2.7 | 6.1 | 8.96 | 19.8 |
Drug/Combo | Dm | m | r |
---|---|---|---|
AOH | 43.2 | −0.80 | −0.973 |
AME | 38.5 | −1.19 | −0.923 |
AOH + AME | 13.59 | −0.71 | −0.957 |
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Marin, D.E.; Grosu, I.A.; Pistol, G.C.; Bulgaru, C.V.; Pertea, A.M.; Taranu, I. The Combined Effect of Two Alternaria Mycotoxins (Alternariol and Alternariol Monomethyl Ether) on Porcine Epithelial Intestinal Cells. Agriculture 2024, 14, 1478. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14091478
Marin DE, Grosu IA, Pistol GC, Bulgaru CV, Pertea AM, Taranu I. The Combined Effect of Two Alternaria Mycotoxins (Alternariol and Alternariol Monomethyl Ether) on Porcine Epithelial Intestinal Cells. Agriculture. 2024; 14(9):1478. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14091478
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarin, Daniela Eliza, Iulian Alexandru Grosu, Gina Cecilia Pistol, Cristina Valeria Bulgaru, Ana Maria Pertea, and Ionelia Taranu. 2024. "The Combined Effect of Two Alternaria Mycotoxins (Alternariol and Alternariol Monomethyl Ether) on Porcine Epithelial Intestinal Cells" Agriculture 14, no. 9: 1478. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14091478