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Volume 12
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10.3390/jmse12020260
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Article

Monitoring the Extraordinary Ephemeral Emergence of Myriophyllum spicatum L. in the Coastal Lagoon Albufera of Valencia (Spain) and Assessing the Impact of Environmental Variables Using a Remote Sensing Approach

by
Juan M. Soria
1,*,
Juan Víctor Molner
1,
Rebeca Pérez-González
1,
Bárbara Alvado
2,
Lucía Vera-Herrera
1 and
Susana Romo
1
1
Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology (ICBiBE), University of Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain
2
Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), University of Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(2), 260; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12020260
Submission received: 26 December 2023 / Revised: 27 January 2024 / Accepted: 30 January 2024 / Published: 31 January 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring and Management of Water Quality in Coastal Areas)
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Abstract

The Albufera of Valencia, a Mediterranean coastal lagoon, has been in a turbid state since 1974, with only four episodes of temporary water transparency in spring. Despite its average depth of 1 m and oligohaline waters, excessive turbidity, fish grazing, and toxic compounds have inhibited submerged macrophyte growth. In spring 2018, a significant area of Myriophyllum spicatum emerged and exhibited significant density until its complete disappearance in August 2018. Using Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 imagery, we monitored water quality variables and vegetation density during these months. Our study revealed the first unique occurrence of M. spicatum in more than 40 years. A period of increased transparency from summer 2017 compared to previous years seems to be the cause of this appearance, while high summer temperatures caused its disappearance. While improving water quality may help restore submerged macrophyte meadows, our results suggest that summer maximum temperatures may inhibit recovery. Remote sensing, particularly the NDVI index, proved successful in monitoring aquatic vegetation and understanding species-environment relationships. This methodology can enhance future monitoring efforts for macrophyte colonization and expand knowledge of their occurrence and causes of disappearance in this and other similar areas.
Keywords: aquatic vegetation; water transparency; remote sensing aquatic vegetation; water transparency; remote sensing

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MDPI and ACS Style

Soria, J.M.; Molner, J.V.; Pérez-González, R.; Alvado, B.; Vera-Herrera, L.; Romo, S. Monitoring the Extraordinary Ephemeral Emergence of Myriophyllum spicatum L. in the Coastal Lagoon Albufera of Valencia (Spain) and Assessing the Impact of Environmental Variables Using a Remote Sensing Approach. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12, 260. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12020260

AMA Style

Soria JM, Molner JV, Pérez-González R, Alvado B, Vera-Herrera L, Romo S. Monitoring the Extraordinary Ephemeral Emergence of Myriophyllum spicatum L. in the Coastal Lagoon Albufera of Valencia (Spain) and Assessing the Impact of Environmental Variables Using a Remote Sensing Approach. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2024; 12(2):260. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12020260

Chicago/Turabian Style

Soria, Juan M., Juan Víctor Molner, Rebeca Pérez-González, Bárbara Alvado, Lucía Vera-Herrera, and Susana Romo. 2024. "Monitoring the Extraordinary Ephemeral Emergence of Myriophyllum spicatum L. in the Coastal Lagoon Albufera of Valencia (Spain) and Assessing the Impact of Environmental Variables Using a Remote Sensing Approach" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 2: 260. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12020260

APA Style

Soria, J. M., Molner, J. V., Pérez-González, R., Alvado, B., Vera-Herrera, L., & Romo, S. (2024). Monitoring the Extraordinary Ephemeral Emergence of Myriophyllum spicatum L. in the Coastal Lagoon Albufera of Valencia (Spain) and Assessing the Impact of Environmental Variables Using a Remote Sensing Approach. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 12(2), 260. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12020260

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