Mitigation of Vibrio-Induced Metabolic Perturbations in Argopecten purpuratus Scallop Larvae via Probiotic Pretreatment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Production of Argopecten purpuratus Scallop Larvae of Multiparent Origin
2.2. Scallop Larvae Pretreatment with Probiotic Candidate and Vibrio Infection
2.3. Sample Preparation for Metabolomic Analysis and Data Processing
2.4. Data Processing
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Metabolome Profiling of Scallop Larvae Following Probiotic Pretreatment after Vibrio Infection
3.2. Metabolite Structural Classes and Key Enriched Pathways Identified in Scallop Larvae Following Probiotic Pretreatment after Vibrio Infection
3.3. Network Analysis Reveals Interconnected Metabolites in Scallop Larvae
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Structural Class | Significant Known Metabolites | FDR | ID | NoPT18h | PT18h | NoPT24h | PTV+24h | NoPTV+24h |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fatty acyls | Arachidonic acid | 1.67 × 10−5 | C06425 | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ | ↑↑ |
11,14,17-Eicosatrienoic acid | 1.93 × 10−5 | C16522 | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
gamma-Linolenic acid | 2.82 × 10−5 | C06426 | ↓ | ↓↓ | ↓ | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
bishomo-gamma-Linolenic acid | 5.97 × 10−5 | C03242 | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
Azelaic acid | 1.18 × 10−4 | C08261 | ↑ | ↑↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |
Suberic acid | 1.36 × 10−4 | C08278 | ↑ | ↑↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |
11,14-Eicosadienoic | 2.49 × 10−4 | C16525 | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
Pimelic acid | 2.49 × 10−4 | C02656 | ↑ | ↑↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |
cis-Vaccenic acid | 1.01 × 10−3 | C08367 | ↓ | ↑↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↓↓ | |
Oleic acid | 1.46 × 10−3 | C00712 | ↓ | ↑↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↓↓ | |
8,11-Octadecadienoic acid | 4.33 × 10−3 | C04056 | ↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↑↑ | |
Adipic acid | 4.59 × 10−3 | C06104 | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↓ | ↓ | |
Citramalic acid | 6.92 × 10−3 | C00815 | ↑↑ | ↑↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |
Hexanoic acid | 8.27 × 10−3 | C01585 | ↑ | ↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |
Erucic acid | 8.46 × 10−3 | C08316 | ↑ | ↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |
Heneicosanoic acid | 2.16 × 10−2 | 0002345 | ↑ | ↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |
10-Heptadecenoic acid | 2.51 × 10−2 | C16536 | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) | 1.33 × 10−5 | C06428 | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) | 1.67 × 10−5 | C06429 | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) | 1.67 × 10−5 | C16513 | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
Octanoic acid | 3.16 × 10−2 | C06423 | ↑ | ↑↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |
Palmitoleic acid | 3.80 × 10−2 | C08362 | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
Carboxylic acid and derivatives | Threonine | 1.33 × 10−5 | C00188 | ↓↓ | ↓↓ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑↑ |
Malonic acid | 8.79 × 10−4 | C00383 | ↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↑↑ | |
Phenylalanine | 9.42 × 10−4 | C00079 | ↓↓ | ↑↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↓ | |
Succinic acid | 9.75 × 10−3 | C00042 | ↑ | ↑↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |
Cysteine | 4.43 × 10−2 | C00097 | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
Hydroxy acid and derivatives | 2-Hydroxybutyric acid | 5.78 × 10−4 | C05984 | ↑ | ↑↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ |
Lactic acid | 1.03 × 10−2 | C00186 | ↑↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↓ | ↓ | |
3-Hydroxydecanoic acid | 1.32 × 10−2 | 0010725 | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ | ↑↑ | |
Benzene and derivatives | Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) | 2.67 × 10−3 | C14214 | ↑↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ |
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) | 7.61 × 10−3 | C14693 | ↑↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |
Pyridines and derivatives | Nicotinic acid | 1.59 × 10−4 | C00253 | ↓↓ | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑↑ |
Indoles and derivatives | Tryptophan | 1.93 × 10−5 | C00078 | ↓ | ↓↓ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑↑ |
Hydroxy dicarboxylic acids | 2-Hydroxyglutaramic acid | 8.47 × 10−4 | - | ↑↑ | ↑↑ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ |
Structural Classes | Significant Known Metabolites | Non-Significant Known Metabolites |
---|---|---|
Fatty Acyls | Arachidonic acid | 20-methyl heneicosanoic acid |
11,14,17-Eicosatrienoic acid | Arachidic acid | |
gamma-Linolenic acid | Decanoic acid | |
bishomo-gamma-Linolenic acid | Dodecanoic acid | |
Azelaic acid | Margaric acid | |
Suberic acid | Methyl (9Z,11E,13E) Octadecatrienoic acid | |
11,14-Eicosadienoic | Myristic acid | |
Pimelic acid | Palmitic acid | |
cis-Vaccenic acid | Pentadecanoic acid | |
Oleic acid | Stearic acid | |
8,11-Octadecadienoic acid | Tetracosanoic acid | |
Adipic acid | ||
Citramalic acid | ||
Hexanoic acid | ||
Erucic acid | ||
Heneicosanoic acid | ||
10-Heptadecenoic acid | ||
EPA (Eicosapentaenoic acid) | ||
DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid) | ||
DPA (Docosapentaenoic acid) | ||
Octanoic acid | ||
Palmitoleic acid | ||
Carboxylic acid and derivatives | Threonine | Dimethyl aminomalonic acid |
Malonic acid | N-Carboxymethyl-L-alanine | |
Phenylalanine | 2-Aminoadipic acid | |
Succinic acid | Alanine | |
Cysteine | Asparagine | |
Aspartic acid | ||
beta-Alanine | ||
Citric acid | ||
Creatinine | ||
DL-3-Aminoisobutyric acid | ||
Glutamic acid | ||
Glutamine | ||
Glutathione | ||
Glycine | ||
Histidine | ||
Isoleucine | ||
Leucine | ||
Lysine | ||
Ornithine | ||
Proline | ||
Pyroglutamic acid | ||
Serine | ||
Tyrosine | ||
Valine | ||
Hydroxy acid and derivatives | 2-Hydroxybutyric acid | Malic acid |
Lactic acid | ||
3-Hydroxydecanoic acid | ||
Benzene and substituted derivatives | DBP (Dibutyl phthalate) | 2-Aminophenylacetic acid |
BHT (Antioxidant) | Benzoic acid | |
Dimethyl phthalate | ||
Pyridines and derivatives | Nicotinic acid | Nicotinamide |
Indoles and derivatives, phenols | Tryptophan | 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid |
Hydroxydicarboxylic acids | 2-Hydroxyglutaramic acid |
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Muñoz-Cerro, K.; Venter, L.; Young, T.; Alfaro, A.C.; Brokordt, K.; Schmitt, P. Mitigation of Vibrio-Induced Metabolic Perturbations in Argopecten purpuratus Scallop Larvae via Probiotic Pretreatment. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12, 1138. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12071138
Muñoz-Cerro K, Venter L, Young T, Alfaro AC, Brokordt K, Schmitt P. Mitigation of Vibrio-Induced Metabolic Perturbations in Argopecten purpuratus Scallop Larvae via Probiotic Pretreatment. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2024; 12(7):1138. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12071138
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuñoz-Cerro, Katherine, Leonie Venter, Tim Young, Andrea C. Alfaro, Katherina Brokordt, and Paulina Schmitt. 2024. "Mitigation of Vibrio-Induced Metabolic Perturbations in Argopecten purpuratus Scallop Larvae via Probiotic Pretreatment" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 7: 1138. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12071138