Population Characteristics and Habitat Management of the Useful Seaweed Silvetia siliquosa
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Overview of the Study Area
2.2. Marine Environment Analysis
2.3. Population Monitoring Analysis
2.4. Natural Habitat Survey
3. Results
3.1. Marine Environment
3.2. Population Monitoring
3.3. Natural Habitats
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No. | Location | Province | GPS Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Sinam | Ulju-gun, Ulsan | 35°20′26.2″ N 129°19′14.0″ E |
2 | Dadae | Geoje-si, Gyeongsangnam-do | 34°43′57.3″ N 128°37′23.5″ E |
3 | Hwadang | Goseong, Gyeongsangnam-do | 34°58′59.6″ N 128°26′17.7″ E |
4 | Seosang | Namhae, Gyeongsangnam-do | 34°48′32.1″ N 127°49′50.3″ E |
5 | Jakjang | Namhae, Gyeongsangnam-do | 34°49′45.8″ N 127°48′56.6″ E |
6 | Namhae | Namhae, Gyeongsangnam-do | 34°56′32.3″ N 127°52′17.2″ E |
7 | Nakpo | Yeosu, Jeollanam-do | 34°51′44.4″ N 127°46′22.7″ E |
8 | Imok | Yeosu, Jeollanam-do | 34°40′39.9″ N 127°33′40.1″ E |
9 | Ucheon | Goheung, Jeollanam-do | 34°38′02.5″ N 127°29′22.5″ E |
10 | Janggye | Goheung, Jeollanam-do | 34°35′03.7″ N 127°08′41.7″ E |
11 | Sin-ri | Jangheung, Jeollanam-do | 34°26′07.8″ N 126°51′53.6″ E |
12 | Donggo | Wando, Jeollanam-do | 34°19′57.7″ N 126°53′06.6″ E |
13 | Dongchon | Wando, Jeollanam-do | 34°19′17.6″ N 126°51′53.0″ E |
14 | Myeongsasimni | Wando, Jeollanam-do | 34°19′28.9″ N 126°49′50.8″ E |
15 | Gangdok | Wando, Jeollanam-do | 34°20′07.7″ N 126°45′36.5″ E |
16 | Galdu | Haenam, Jeollanam-do | 34°17′52.2″ N 126°31′48.6″ E |
17 | Hoedong | Jindo, Jeollanam-do | 34°25′18.1″ N 126°20′43.5″ E |
18 | Geumgap | Jindo, Jeollanam-do | 34°23′45.0″ N 126°16′33.2″ E |
19 | Namdong | Jindo, Jeollanam-do | 34°21′58.2″ N 126°09′13.8″ E |
20 | Sepo | Jindo, Jeollanam-do | 34°25′08.8″ N 126°05′37.4″ E |
21 | Gahak | Jindo, Jeollanam-do | 34°25′48.7″ N 126°06′00.1″ E |
22 | Sebang | Jindo, Jeollanam-do | 34°26′43.8″ N 126°06′34.3″ E |
23 | Anchi | Jindo, Jeollanam-do | 34°29′53.6″ N 126°11′18.0″ E |
24 | Sanwol | Jindo, Jeollanam-do | 34°30′18.4″ N 126°12′01.5″ E |
25 | Suyu | Jindo, Jeollanam-do | 34°31′10.4″ N 126°13′20.2″ E |
26 | Ganumok | Jindo, Jeollanam-do | 34°34′08.6″ N 126°14′34.3″ E |
27 | Nokjin | Jindo, Jeollanam-do | 34°34′37.1″ N 126°17′13.1″ E |
28 | Uldolmok | Jindo, Jeollanam-do | 34°34′22.6″ N 126°17′38.5″ E |
29 | Sinsido | Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do | 35°49′30.1″ N 126°26′52.0″ E |
30 | Munyeodo 1 | Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do | 35°48′23.5″ N 126°25′01.7″ E |
31 | Munyeodo 2 | Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do | 35°48′18.8″ N 126°26′15.4″ E |
32 | Seonyudo 1 | Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do | 35°48′28.0″ N 126°24′33.9″ E |
33 | Seonyudo 2 | Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do | 35°49′36.2″ N 126°24′59.1″ E |
34 | Seonyudo 3 | Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do | 35°49′39.1″ N 126°24′16.4″ E |
35 | Jangjado | Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do | 35°48′37.1″ N 126°23′39.7″ E |
36 | Daejangdo | Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do | 35°48′53.6″ N 126°23′48.3″ E |
37 | Maryang | Seocheon, Chungnam-do | 36°07′45.3″ N 126°30′03.6″ E |
38 | Muchangpo | Boryeong, Chungnam-do | 36°14′22.8″ N 126°31′39.3″ E |
39 | Bangpo | Taean, Chungnam-do | 36°30′37.1″ N 126°19′42.6″ E |
40 | Pado | Taean, Chungnam-do | 36°43′36.0″ N 126°07′52.0″ E |
Measure | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December | January | February | March | April | Mean |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SST (°C) | 14.7 | 16.4 | 19.2 | 19.9 | 21.8 | 18.2 | 15.4 | 11.2 | 7.7 | 6.6 | 8.6 | 13.1 | 14.4 |
Salinity (PSU) | 35.25 | 35.26 | 34.60 | 34.75 | 34.55 | 33.24 | 33.48 | 33.24 | 33.49 | 33.57 | 33.79 | 33.82 | 34.09 |
pH | 8.21 | 8.13 | 7.97 | 8.07 | 7.98 | 7.94 | 7.90 | 7.86 | 7.94 | 6.52 | 7.92 | 8.07 | 7.88 |
DO (mg/L) | 9.20 | 7.85 | 6.88 | 6.34 | 7.18 | 7.24 | 7.67 | 9.82 | 9.57 | 9.67 | 9.52 | 9.15 | 8.34 |
Transparency (m) | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
Months | Density (ind./m2) | Coverage (%/m2) | Frequency (%/m2) |
---|---|---|---|
May | 122.00 ± 65.90 | 22.47 ± 10.51 | 74.00 ± 13.62 |
June | 344.00 ± 40.68 | 18.43 ± 3.51 | 85.33 ± 9.51 |
July | 677.33 ± 102.54 | 46.44 ± 6.84 | 90.44 ± 11.58 |
August | 770.00 ± 188.49 | 53.00 ± 9.30 | 81.50 ± 6.09 |
September | 1062.00 ± 157.12 | 47.50 ± 5.17 | 98.00 ± 2.00 |
October | 1336.00 ± 80.65 | 30.00 ± 7.50 | 97.00 ± 1.91 |
November | 946.00 ± 82.34 | 26.00 ± 7.65 | 91.00 ± 1.96 |
December | 571.00 ± 78.00 | 18.00 ± 6.45 | 52.00 ± 2.59 |
January | 323.00 ± 85.52 | 17.64 ± 4.44 | 61.36 ± 3.62 |
February | 153.00 ± 65.32 | 11.28 ± 6.11 | 74.21 ± 4.62 |
March | 289.00 ± 77.65 | 19.31 ± 8.31 | 62.21 ± 6.82 |
April | 362.54 ± 105.89 | 23.71 ± 7.24 | 73.41 ± 7.45 |
Months | TH (mm) | TW (mm) | BW (mm) | BT (mm) | NB (n) | RL (mm) | RW (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
May | 64.03 ± 2.70 | 43.94 ± 3.53 | 2.49 ± 0.03 | 0.82 ± 0.15 | 4.1 ± 0.3 | 35.33 ± 1.95 | 2.66 ± 0.19 |
June | 68.69 ± 4.02 | 56.09 ± 2.93 | 2.75 ± 0.04 | 0.78 ± 0.15 | 4.2 ± 0.3 | 32.03 ± 1.45 | 2.36 ± 0.14 |
July | 76.23 ± 4.67 | 70.83 ± 3.43 | 2.41 ± 0.05 | 0.73 ± 0.11 | 3.3 ± 0.2 | 33.61 ± 3.04 | 3.55 ± 0.22 |
August | 74.47 ± 6.37 | 67.17 ± 6.65 | 2.33 ± 0.03 | 0.59 ± 0.16 | 2.8 ± 0.2 | 19.56 ± 3.04 | 3.55 ± 0.23 |
September | 67.43 ± 6.95 | 65.00 ± 6.19 | 2.07 ± 0.03 | 0.54 ± 0.09 | 2.7 ± 0.2 | 29.03 ± 1.74 | 3.37 ± 0.14 |
October | 36.66 ± 2.59 | 49.91 ± 3.75 | 2.25 ± 0.01 | 0.50 ± 0.05 | 2.6 ± 0.1 | 22.17 ± 1.40 | 3.02 ± 0.20 |
November | 31.25 ± 2.65 | 36.14 ± 3.83 | 2.13 ± 0.01 | 0.51 ± 0.13 | 2.5 ± 0.1 | 18.37 ± 1.43 | 2.83 ± 0.21 |
December | 28.13 ± 6.65 | 32.53 ± 2.70 | 1.92 ± 0.04 | 0.53 ± 0.12 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 16.53 ± 2.45 | 2.55 ± 0.20 |
January | 27.54 ± 4.28 | 31.41 ± 6.80 | 1.85 ± 0.02 | 0.47 ± 0.09 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 15.53 ± 2.45 | 2.35 ± 0.16 |
February | 22.56 ± 2.86 | 26.34 ± 2.70 | 2.23 ± 0.03 | 0.44 ± 0.12 | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 18.13 ± 1.83 | 2.13 ± 0.14 |
March | 30.56 ± 3.86 | 30.88 ± 3.13 | 2.35 ± 0.02 | 0.49 ± 0.14 | 2.4 ± 0.4 | 20.67 ± 1.92 | 2.26 ± 0.21 |
April | 42.78 ± 4.55 | 45.68 ± 4.41 | 2.42 ± 0.03 | 0.63 ± 0.12 | 3.1 ± 0.2 | 28.62 ± 2.10 | 3.05 ± 0.19 |
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Choi, C.G.; Choi, Y.J.; Hong, S.J.; Lee, J.H.; Jung, S.W. Population Characteristics and Habitat Management of the Useful Seaweed Silvetia siliquosa. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12, 1471. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091471
Choi CG, Choi YJ, Hong SJ, Lee JH, Jung SW. Population Characteristics and Habitat Management of the Useful Seaweed Silvetia siliquosa. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2024; 12(9):1471. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091471
Chicago/Turabian StyleChoi, Chang Geun, Young Jae Choi, Seong Jae Hong, Jae Ho Lee, and Seung Wook Jung. 2024. "Population Characteristics and Habitat Management of the Useful Seaweed Silvetia siliquosa" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 9: 1471. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091471