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Antibiotics
Volume 9
Issue 12
10.3390/antibiotics9120895
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Review

Are Follow-Up Blood Cultures Useful in the Antimicrobial Management of Gram Negative Bacteremia? A Reappraisal of Their Role Based on Current Knowledge

by
Francesco Cogliati Dezza
†,
Ambrogio Curtolo
†,
Lorenzo Volpicelli
†,
Giancarlo Ceccarelli
,
Alessandra Oliva
and
Mario Venditti
*
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University “Sapienza” of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to the paper.
Antibiotics 2020, 9(12), 895; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9120895
Submission received: 6 November 2020 / Revised: 6 December 2020 / Accepted: 9 December 2020 / Published: 11 December 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Prescribing and Stewardship, 1st Volume)
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Abstract

Bloodstream infections still constitute an outstanding cause of in-hospital morbidity and mortality, especially among critically ill patients. Follow up blood cultures (FUBCs) are widely recommended for proper management of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida spp. infections. On the other hand, their role is still a matter of controversy as far as Gram negative bacteremias are concerned. We revised, analyzed, and commented on the literature addressing this issue, to define the clinical settings in which the application of FUBCs could better reveal its value. The results of this review show that critically ill patients, endovascular and/or non-eradicable source of infection, isolation of a multi-drug resistant pathogen, end-stage renal disease, and immunodeficiencies are some factors that may predispose patients to persistent Gram negative bacteremia. An analysis of the different burdens that each of these factors have in this clinical setting allowed us to suggest which patients’ FUBCs have the potential to modify treatment choices, prompt an early source control, and finally, improve clinical outcome.
Keywords: follow-up blood cultures; Gram negative bacteremia; critically ill patients; antibiotic therapy follow-up blood cultures; Gram negative bacteremia; critically ill patients; antibiotic therapy

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cogliati Dezza, F.; Curtolo, A.; Volpicelli, L.; Ceccarelli, G.; Oliva, A.; Venditti, M. Are Follow-Up Blood Cultures Useful in the Antimicrobial Management of Gram Negative Bacteremia? A Reappraisal of Their Role Based on Current Knowledge. Antibiotics 2020, 9, 895. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9120895

AMA Style

Cogliati Dezza F, Curtolo A, Volpicelli L, Ceccarelli G, Oliva A, Venditti M. Are Follow-Up Blood Cultures Useful in the Antimicrobial Management of Gram Negative Bacteremia? A Reappraisal of Their Role Based on Current Knowledge. Antibiotics. 2020; 9(12):895. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9120895

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cogliati Dezza, Francesco, Ambrogio Curtolo, Lorenzo Volpicelli, Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Alessandra Oliva, and Mario Venditti. 2020. "Are Follow-Up Blood Cultures Useful in the Antimicrobial Management of Gram Negative Bacteremia? A Reappraisal of Their Role Based on Current Knowledge" Antibiotics 9, no. 12: 895. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9120895

APA Style

Cogliati Dezza, F., Curtolo, A., Volpicelli, L., Ceccarelli, G., Oliva, A., & Venditti, M. (2020). Are Follow-Up Blood Cultures Useful in the Antimicrobial Management of Gram Negative Bacteremia? A Reappraisal of Their Role Based on Current Knowledge. Antibiotics, 9(12), 895. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9120895

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