Tribological and Mechanical Properties of Multicomponent CrVTiNbZr(N) Coatings
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Microstructure Characterization
3.2. Mechanical and Tribological Properties
4. Conclusions
- In this study, the characteristics of CrVTiNbZr(N) coatings fabricated using cathodic arc deposition by changing nitrogen flow rates was addressed. When no nitrogen was introduced, the contents of five metal elements in the CrVTiNbZr HEA coating were between 14.13–26.8 at.%, and the HEA coating conforms to the high entropy alloy definition. Increase in the nitrogen content led to the transformation from single-phase bcc to fcc structure. When the nitrogen flow rate increased to 165 sccm, the HEAN-N165 coating exhibited reflections corresponding to fcc NaCl-type phases of TiNbN, CrVN and ZrN while bcc diffraction peak disappeared.
- The CrVTiNbZrN coating (HEAN-N165) had columnar structure growth from the CrV and CrVN bottom layers to the top CrVTiNbZrN layer without interruption. The top layer exhibited multilayered structures containing CrVN, TiNbN and ZrN. The design of multilayered CrVTiNbZrN coatings showed good adhesion strength. Improvement of adhesion strength was obtained with composition-gradient interlayers.
- The CrVTiNbZr(N) HEAN-N165 coating with nitrogen content higher than 50 at.% possessed the highest hardness and H3/E*2, and therefore the lowest wear rate was obtained because of high abrasion wear resistance. The strengthening effect was mainly attributed to the formation of multilayered metal nitride structure and the solid solution strengthening of multicomponent elements.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Element | Chemical Content (at.%) | ||
---|---|---|---|
HEA | HEAN-N50 | HEAN-N165 | |
Cr | 14.13 | 9.71 | 8.5 |
V | 20.45 | 14.81 | 12.62 |
Ti | 22.55 | 11.55 | 7.74 |
Nb | 16.07 | 7.67 | 4.77 |
Zr | 26.80 | 14.98 | 12.08 |
N | - | 41.27 | 54.29 |
Element | Chemical Content (at.%) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Dark Layer (#1) | Gray Layer (#2) | Bright Layer (#3) | |
N | 31.12 | 32 | 27.46 |
Zr | 36.37 | 14.42 | 16.40 |
Ti | 7.36 | 16.68 | 7.73 |
Nb | 4.93 | 14.43 | 4.19 |
Cr | 9.03 | 10.98 | 19.01 |
V | 11.19 | 11.49 | 25.21 |
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Chang, Y.-Y.; Chung, C.-H. Tribological and Mechanical Properties of Multicomponent CrVTiNbZr(N) Coatings. Coatings 2021, 11, 41. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11010041
Chang Y-Y, Chung C-H. Tribological and Mechanical Properties of Multicomponent CrVTiNbZr(N) Coatings. Coatings. 2021; 11(1):41. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11010041
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang, Yin-Yu, and Cheng-Hsi Chung. 2021. "Tribological and Mechanical Properties of Multicomponent CrVTiNbZr(N) Coatings" Coatings 11, no. 1: 41. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11010041