Preparation and Properties of Waterborne Acrylic-Modified Epoxy Phosphate Resin and Its Coating
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Materials
2.2. Preparation of the Epoxy Ester Resin A
2.3. Preparation of the Epoxy Phosphate Resin B
2.4. Preparation of the Acrylic-Modified Epoxy Phosphate Resin C
2.5. Preparation of Waterborne Epoxy Coating D
2.6. Performance Test of Waterborne Epoxy Coating
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. FT-IR Analysis of Epoxy Ester Resin and Acrylic-Modified Epoxy Phosphate Resin
3.2. Selection of Epoxy Resin Type
3.3. Selection of Fatty Acid Type
3.4. Influence of Ratio and Dosage of Base Resin
3.5. Effect of the Amount of Acrylic Monomer on the Properties of Resin C
3.6. Effect of BPO Dosage on the Properties of Resin C
3.7. The Effect of Reaction Temperature of Acrylic Acid Monomer on Resin Properties
3.8. Effect of Reaction Time of Acrylic Acid Monomer on Resin Properties
3.9. Effect of the Neutralizing Agent on the Modified Resin
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Test Item | Indicator Standards | Detection Results |
---|---|---|
Character | 1. transparent viscous liquid 2. no mechanical impurities | 1. transparent viscous liquid 2. no mechanical impurities |
Color (Fe-Co), ≤ | 12# | 12# |
Acid value/mg KOH/g | 9.0–14.0 | 9.5 |
Solid/% | 64.0 ± 2 | 64.5 |
Fineness/μm, ≤ | 20 | 20 |
Test Item | Indicator Standards | Detection Results |
---|---|---|
Character | 1. transparent viscous liquid 2. no mechanical impurities | 1. transparent viscous liquid 2. no mechanical impurities |
Color (Fe-Co), ≤ | 9# | 9# |
Acid value/mg KOH/g | 9.0–12.0 | 10.6 |
Solid/% | 60.0 ± 2 | 60.3 |
Fineness/μm, ≤ | 20 | 20 |
Test Item | Indicator Standards | Detection Results |
---|---|---|
Character | 1. transparent viscous liquid 2. permissive light fluorescence | 1. transparent viscous liquid 2. permissive light fluorescence |
Color (Fe-Co), ≤ | 12# | 12# |
Solid/% | 50 ± 2 | 50.1 |
Fineness/μm, ≤ | 20 | 20 |
pH value | 8.0–9.0 | 8.5 |
Ingredients | Percentage/wt.% |
---|---|
acrylic-modified epoxy phosphate resin | 45.0–55.0 |
dimethylethanolamine | 1.0–1.3 |
triethanolamine | 0.5–0.8 |
distilled water | 21.7–25.7 |
dispersant | 3.0–3.5 |
defoamer | 0.2–0.3 |
carbon black | 3.0–3.5 |
zinc phosphate | 7.0–8.0 |
aluminum tripolyphosphate | 3.5–4.0 |
barium sulfate | 10.0–15.0 |
mica powder | 3.5–4.0 |
waterborne bentonite | 0.2–0.3 |
modified fumed nanosilica | 1.5–2.0 |
triethanolamine | 0.3–0.5 |
substrate wetting agent | 0.1–0.2 |
waterborne anti-flash rust agent | 0.3–0.4 |
waterborne drier | 1.3–1.6 |
waterborne thickener | 0.1–0.2 |
deionized water | 2.6–3.6 |
Test Item | Indicator Standards | Detection Results |
---|---|---|
state in container | normal | normal |
film appearance | normal | normal |
no volatile matter content/%, ≥ | 40 | 48 |
drying time/h, ≤ | - | - |
surface drying time | 4 | 1 |
actual drying | 24 | 12 |
bending test/mm, ≤ | 3 | 1 |
impact resistance/cm, ≥ | 40 | 50 |
grid test/grade, ≤ | 1 | 1 |
storage stability, (50 ± 2°C, 14 d) | normal | normal |
volatile organic compound content, (g/L), ≤ | 200 | 134 |
resistance to flash rust | normal | normal |
water resistance (240 h) | no foaming, no peeling, no rust, no cracking | correspondency |
salt spray resistance (300 h) | no foaming, no peeling, no rust, no cracking | correspondency |
Test Item | Indicator Standards | Detection Results |
---|---|---|
adhesive force (pulling method)/MPa, ≥ | 3 | 6.5 |
water resistance (120 h) | no foaming, no peeling, no rust, no cracking | correspondency |
acid resistance (50 g/L H2SO4, 96 h) | no foaming, no peeling, no rust, no cracking | correspondency |
alkali resistance (50 g/L NaOH, 96 h) | no foaming, no peeling, no rust, no cracking | correspondency |
oil resistance (3# regular paint, 96 h) | no foaming, no peeling, no rust, no cracking | correspondency |
continuous condensation experiment (240 h) | no foaming, no peeling, no rust, no cracking | correspondency |
resistant to neutral salt spray (480 h) | no foaming, no peeling, no rust, no cracking | correspondency |
resistance to artificial weathering (800 h) | discoloration ≤ 3, pulverization ≤ 1, cracking ≤ 1, foaming ≤ 1, rust = 1 | correspondency |
adhesive force (pulling method, after salt spray test)/Mpa, ≥ | 2 | 4.2 |
Epoxy Resin Type | Reaction Time | Epoxy Ester Viscosity, Appearance, Dryness |
---|---|---|
E-12 | 2~3 h | large viscosity, light brown, poor drying |
E-20 | 2~3 h | large viscosity, light brown, good drying |
E-51 | ≤1 h | large viscosity, light brown, good drying |
M(Epoxy Ester Resin/Epoxy Phosphate Ester = 9:1)/M(Acrylic Monomer) | Water Dispersibility | Storage Stability | Viscosity (Mean Value, Format Tube, 25 °C)/mPa·s |
---|---|---|---|
5:5 | normal | no separation transparency | 40.2 |
6:4 | good | no separation transparency | 25.9 |
7:3 | good | no separation translucency | 10.0 |
8:2 | normal | no separation translucency | 6.6 |
wacrylic monomer/% | Water Dispersibility | Viscosity (Mean Value, Format Tube, 25 °C)/mPa·s |
---|---|---|
5 | no transparency no separation | 4.7 |
10 | translucency no separation | 6.2 |
15 | transparency no separation | 9.3 |
20 | transparency no separation | 18.9 |
25 | transparency slight separation | 23.2 |
30 | translucency slight separation | 30.2 |
WBPO/% | Water Dispersibility | Stability | Viscosity (Mean Value, Format Tube, 25 °C)/mPa·s |
---|---|---|---|
3 | normal | no separation translucency | 7.1 |
5 | normal | no separation transparency | 10.9 |
7 | good | no separation transparency | 18.7 |
9 | good | no separation translucency | 30.5 |
Reaction Temperature/°C | Water Dispersibility | Stability | Viscosity (Mean Value, Format Tube, 25 °C)/mPa·s |
---|---|---|---|
75 | normal | no separation translucency | 7.7 |
95 | good | no separation transparency | 10.1 |
115 | good | no separation transparency | 18.1 |
135 | normal | no separation translucency | 32.3 |
Reaction Time/h | Water Dispersibility | Stability | Viscosity (Mean Value, Format Tube, 25 °C)/mPa·s |
---|---|---|---|
3.0 | normal | no separation translucency | 7.6 |
3.5 | good | no separation translucency | 10.9 |
4.0 | good | no separation transparency | 18.8 |
4.5 | good | no separation translucency | 27.3 |
Neutralization/% | Mean Particle Size/nm | Dispersion State | Stability/d |
---|---|---|---|
60 | 120.5 | no transparency, having particulate matter | / |
70 | 107.7 | no transparency, having particulate matter | / |
80 | 101.2 | no transparency, having particulate matter | ≤18 |
90 | 56.1 | transparent, no particulate matter | ≤24 |
100 | 34.3 | transparent, no particulate matter | ≥36 |
110 | 34.6 | transparent, no particulate matter | ≥36 |
120 | 33.5 | transparent, no particulate matter, strong smell, yellowish appearance | ≤30 |
Neutralization temperature/°C | 35–45 | 50–70 | 70–90 |
Particle size distribution index | 1.036 | 0.932 | 0.987 |
Dispersibility of resin | poor dispersibility | good dispersibility | general dispersion |
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Xiao, F.; Yong, T.; Cao, T.; Shi, F.; Sun, X.; Zhang, J. Preparation and Properties of Waterborne Acrylic-Modified Epoxy Phosphate Resin and Its Coating. Coatings 2024, 14, 1129. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14091129
Xiao F, Yong T, Cao T, Shi F, Sun X, Zhang J. Preparation and Properties of Waterborne Acrylic-Modified Epoxy Phosphate Resin and Its Coating. Coatings. 2024; 14(9):1129. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14091129
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao, Fei, Tao Yong, Tianlong Cao, Fangyuan Shi, Xuejun Sun, and Jin Zhang. 2024. "Preparation and Properties of Waterborne Acrylic-Modified Epoxy Phosphate Resin and Its Coating" Coatings 14, no. 9: 1129. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14091129