Exploration of Protease Resources in the Gut of Omnivorous Gryllotalpa orientalis (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae)
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Analysis of Proteases Derived from Gut Extract
2.2. Analysis of Proteases Derived from Gut Bacteria
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Exploration of Protease Resources from the Gut Extract
3.2. Exploration of Protease from Gut Bacteria
3.3. Homology Modeling and Binding Pocket Analysis of the DX-3-htpX Protease
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gut Protease | Effective Protease Inhibitors | Protease Prediction |
---|---|---|
LGDBM-1 | Pepsin inhibitor, PMSF, trypsin inhibitor | Pepsin, serine protease, trypsin |
LGDBM-2 | PMSF | Serine protease |
LGDBM-3 | Trypsin inhibitor | Trypsin |
LGDBM-4 | E-64, pepsin inhibitor, PMSF, trypsin inhibitor | Cysteine protease, pepsin, serine protease, trypsin |
LGDBM-5 | - | - |
LGDBM-6 | - | - |
Gut Protease | Gene Names | Protein Names | Accession No. | Protein Identification/% | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LGDBM-1 | Glutathione S-transferase | P08515 | 35 | 141 | |
DCD | Dermcidin | P81605 | 19 | 110 | |
PSMA6 | Proteasome subunit alpha type-6 | P28072 | 7 | 74 | |
LGDBM-3 | DCD | Dermcidin | P81605 | 12 | 92 |
FTSH8 | ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease | Q8W585 | 4 | 57 | |
Glutathione S-transferase | P08515 | 12 | 46 | ||
GGCT | Gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase | Q32LE4 | 5 | 33 | |
LGDBM-4 | Glutathione S-transferase | P08515 | 20 | 75 | |
DCD | Dermcidin | P81605 | 12 | 74 | |
groEL | Chaperonin GroEL | Q0KDR7 | 5 | 69 | |
CTSD | Cathepsin D | Q4LAL9 | 2 | 27 | |
LGDBM-5 | DCD | Dermcidin | P81605 | 12 | 74 |
Glutathione S-transferase | P08515 | 26 | 66 | ||
groEL | Chaperonin GroEL 1 | A0K536 | 2 | 23 | |
LGDBM-6 | Glutathione S-transferase | P08515 | 26 | 110 | |
DCD | Dermcidin | P81605 | 12 | 85 |
Protease | Area (Å2) | Volume (Å3) | Active Sites in the D3 Pocket |
---|---|---|---|
HtpX | 557.472 | 837.241 | ARG4, LEU7, PHE8, VAL11, ALA52, SER55, LEU56, SER59, MET62, ALA63, TRP65, MET66, MET67, ASN113, ALA114, PHE115, ALA116, THR117, GLY118, MET132, VAL144, HIS147, GLU148, HIS151, MET157, THR160, THR161, LEU162, GLN164, ILE214, HIS217, SER218, ARG221, GLU222, MET238, ALA241, LEU242, LEU254, THR276, HIS277, ARG283 |
HtpX-Ca2+ | 918.154 | 1378.221 | LEU1, LYS3, ALA110, GLU111, VAL112, ASN113, ALA114, MET132, VAL144, HIS147, GLU148, ARG219, MET238, ALA241, LEU245, ARG246, THR248, THR249, SER250, VAL252, ASP253, GLN256, LYS257, ALA260, LYS263, ILE264, SER265, LYS267, GLU268, PHE270, SER271, ARG272, PHE274, SER275, HIS277, PRO278, PRO279, LEU280 |
HtpX-Cl− | 714.286 | 867.364 | LEU1, LYS3, GLU111, VAL112, ASN113, ALA114, MET132, VAL144, HIS147, GLU148, ARG219, MET238, ALA241, LEU242, LEU245, ARG246, THR248, THR249, SER250, VAL252, ASP253, GLN256, LYS257, ALA260, LYS263, ILE264, SER265, LYS267, GLU268, SER271, ARG272, SER275, HIS277, PRO278, PRO279, LEU280, GLU281, LYS282, ARG283 |
HtpX-K+ | 925.544 | 1335.237 | LEU1, LEU2, LYS3, ALA110, GLU111, VAL112, ASN113, ALA114, MET132, VAL144, HIS147, GLU148, ARG219, MET238, ALA241, LEU242, LEU245, ARG246, THR248, THR249, SER250, VAL252, ASP253, GLN256, LYS257, ALA260, LYS263, ILE264, SER265, LYS267, GLU268, PHE270, SER271, ARG272, PHE274, SER275, HIS277, PRO278, PRO279, LEU280, GLU281, LYS282, ARG283 |
HtpX-Zn2+ | 811.023 | 1179.127 | LEU1, LEU2, LYS3, ALA110, GLU111, VAL112, ASN113, ALA114, MET132, VAL144, HIS147, GLU148, ARG219, MET238, ALA241, LEU242, LEU245, ARG246, THR248, THR249, VAL252, ASP253, GLN256, LYS257, ALA260, LYS263, ILE264, SER265, LYS267, GLU268, SER271, ARG272, SER275, HIS277, PRO278, PRO279, LEU280, GLU281, ARG283 |
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Zheng, X.; Wu, F.; Zhao, L.; Zhou, H.; Zhou, Z.; Jia, Z.; Shi, F. Exploration of Protease Resources in the Gut of Omnivorous Gryllotalpa orientalis (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae). Biology 2024, 13, 650. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13090650
Zheng X, Wu F, Zhao L, Zhou H, Zhou Z, Jia Z, Shi F. Exploration of Protease Resources in the Gut of Omnivorous Gryllotalpa orientalis (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae). Biology. 2024; 13(9):650. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13090650
Chicago/Turabian StyleZheng, Xiang, Fangtong Wu, Lu Zhao, He Zhou, Zhijun Zhou, Zhenhua Jia, and Fuming Shi. 2024. "Exploration of Protease Resources in the Gut of Omnivorous Gryllotalpa orientalis (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae)" Biology 13, no. 9: 650. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13090650