A Wide-Band High-Efficiency Hybrid-Feed Antenna Array for mm-Wave Wireless Systems
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The Hybrid-Feed 2 × 2 ME-Dipole Sub-Array
2.1. Configuration
2.2. Operation Mechanism
2.3. Performance and Parametric Analysis
3. Design and Measurement of the 8 × 8-Unit ME-Dipole Antenna Array
3.1. RGWG Feed Network Design and Array Configuration
3.2. Measurement of the 8 × 8-Unit ME-Dipole Antenna Array
4. Analysis and Comparison of the Hybrid-Feed ME-Dipole Antenna Array
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Value | Parameter | Value |
---|---|---|---|
wd | 0.85 (0.12 λg) | dc | 0.4 (0.06 λg) |
hr | 1.6 (0.22 λg) | hc | 1.2 (0.17 λg) |
din | 0.6 (0.08 λg) | dpat | 1.7 (0.24 λg) |
dout | 1.6 (0.22 λg) | hp | 0.8 (0.11 λg) |
wp | 1.8 (0.25 λg) | wl | 0.2 (0.03 λg) |
lp | 2.9 (0.4 λg) | wf | 0.28 (0.04 λg) |
ws | 1 | xd | 3.6 (0.5 λg) |
ls | 6.5 | yd | 3.6 (0.5 λg) |
wc | 11 (1.54 λg) | a | 3.6 |
lc | 12 (1.7 λg) | b | 2.1 |
hs | 1.2 | ain | 1.6 |
hg | 2 | xm | 0.7 |
lg | 5 | w | 0.8 |
d | 1.6 | dr | 1 |
Parameter | Value | Parameter | Value |
---|---|---|---|
ar | 7.112 | br | 3.556 |
ai2 | 1 | bi2 | 2 |
ai1 | 0.8 | li2 | 5.1 |
bi1 | 1.9 | G | 0.1 |
d | 1.6 | W | 0.8 |
wt | 0.6 | li | 2.3 |
Ref. | Bandwidth (|S11| < −10 dB) | Num. of Unit | Array Size (λ0) | Fabrication Process | Max. Gain | Max. Rad. Efficiency | Aperture Efficiency * | XPD. (dB) | Cost |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[6] | 16% 34–40.1 GHz | 8 × 8 | 6.4 × 6.4 × 0.17 | PCB | 24 dBi | 41.7% | 48.8% | 30 | Low |
[8] | 2.6% 33.95–34.86 GHz | 5 × 6 | 5.07 × 3.82 × 0.1 | PCB | 17.09 dBi | 22% | 21.02% | 26.8 | Low |
[10] | 18% 55.4–66.5 GHz | 8 × 8 | 6.12 × 6.8 × 0.5 | Multi-layer PCB | 26.1 dBi | 70% | 95.8% | 20 | Med. |
[11] | 45% 25.5–40.2 GHz | 4 × 4 | 2 × 2 × 0.12 | LTCC | 16.1 dBi | 83% | 81% | 15 | High |
[15] | 20% 71–86 GHz | 16 × 16 | 15.7 × 16 × 0.8 | Diffusion bonding | 32.9 dBi | 86.6% | 61.7% | 30 | High |
[18] | 3.6% 29.6–30.7 GHz | 4 × 4 | 5.3 × 5.3 × 1.1 | Machining | 22.4 dBi | 99% | 49.2% | 13 | Med. |
[19] | 16.5% 28.8–34 GHz | 4 × 4 | 3.5 × 3.4 × 0.3 | PCB | 21.2 dBi | 70% | 88% | 35 | Low |
[21] | 16.4% 86.7–102.2 GHz | 4 × 8 | 11.8 × 11.4 × 2.2 | PCB + machining | 23 dBi | N.A. | 11.8% | 15 | Med. |
This work | 16.4% 26.05–31.15 GHz | 8 × 8 | 5.4 × 5.4 × 0.6 | PCB + machining | 25 dBi | 85% | 86.2% | 34 | Med. |
This work | 13.8% ** 27.1–31.1 GHz | 16 × 16 | 10.8 × 10.8 × 0.6 | PCB + machining | 31 dBi ** | 83.2% ** | 85.8% ** | 37 | Med. |
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Tan, W.; Xiao, Y.; Li, C.; Zhu, K.; Luo, H.; Sun, H. A Wide-Band High-Efficiency Hybrid-Feed Antenna Array for mm-Wave Wireless Systems. Electronics 2021, 10, 2383. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10192383
Tan W, Xiao Y, Li C, Zhu K, Luo H, Sun H. A Wide-Band High-Efficiency Hybrid-Feed Antenna Array for mm-Wave Wireless Systems. Electronics. 2021; 10(19):2383. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10192383
Chicago/Turabian StyleTan, Wenhao, Yu Xiao, Cong Li, Kaiqiang Zhu, Hao Luo, and Houjun Sun. 2021. "A Wide-Band High-Efficiency Hybrid-Feed Antenna Array for mm-Wave Wireless Systems" Electronics 10, no. 19: 2383. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10192383