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Article

Compact Wideband MIMO Diversity Antenna for Mobile Applications Using Multi-Layered Structure

by
Omer Arabi
1,
Chan Hwang See
2,*,
Atta Ullah
3,
Nazar Ali
4,
Bo Liu
5,
Raed Abd-Alhameed
3,6,*,
Neil J. McEwan
3 and
Peter S. Excell
1
1
Faculty of Arts, Science and Technology, Glyndwr University, Wrexham LL11 2AW, UK
2
School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, Scotland, UK
3
Faculty of Engineering & Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
4
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 573, UAE
5
James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK
6
Department of Communication and Informatics Engineering, Basra University College of Science and Technology, Basra 61004, Iraq
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Electronics 2020, 9(8), 1307; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9081307
Submission received: 26 July 2020 / Revised: 8 August 2020 / Accepted: 12 August 2020 / Published: 14 August 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Theoretical Study of New Antennas)
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Abstract

A closely packed wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)/diversity antenna (of two ports) with a small size of less than 18.5 mm by 18.5 mm is proposed for mobile communication applications. The antenna can be orthogonally configured for corner installation or by placing it on a back-to-back structure for compact modules. To enhance the isolation and widen the bandwidth, the antenna is structured with multiple layers having differing dielectric constants. The feeding through a via significantly reduces the ground waves. A multi-fidelity surrogate model-assisted design exploration method is employed to obtain the optimized antenna geometric parameters efficiently. The antenna design was investigated using electromagnetic simulation and a physical realization of the optimal design was then created and subjected to a range of tests. The specific parameters investigated included reflection coefficients, mutual coupling between the input ports, radiation patterns, efficiency and parameters specific to MIMO behavior: envelope correlation coefficient and pattern diversity multiplexing coefficient. It was found that the antenna has an impedance bandwidth of approximately 4 GHz, mutual coupling between input ports of better than −18 dB and an envelope correlation coefficient of less than 0.002 across the operating band. This makes it a good candidate design for many mobile MIMO applications.
Keywords: multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO); mutual coupling; polarization diversity; Nelder–Mead method (NM); surrogate-assisted differential evolution algorithm (SADEA) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO); mutual coupling; polarization diversity; Nelder–Mead method (NM); surrogate-assisted differential evolution algorithm (SADEA)

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MDPI and ACS Style

Arabi, O.; See, C.H.; Ullah, A.; Ali, N.; Liu, B.; Abd-Alhameed, R.; McEwan, N.J.; Excell, P.S. Compact Wideband MIMO Diversity Antenna for Mobile Applications Using Multi-Layered Structure. Electronics 2020, 9, 1307. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9081307

AMA Style

Arabi O, See CH, Ullah A, Ali N, Liu B, Abd-Alhameed R, McEwan NJ, Excell PS. Compact Wideband MIMO Diversity Antenna for Mobile Applications Using Multi-Layered Structure. Electronics. 2020; 9(8):1307. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9081307

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arabi, Omer, Chan Hwang See, Atta Ullah, Nazar Ali, Bo Liu, Raed Abd-Alhameed, Neil J. McEwan, and Peter S. Excell. 2020. "Compact Wideband MIMO Diversity Antenna for Mobile Applications Using Multi-Layered Structure" Electronics 9, no. 8: 1307. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9081307

APA Style

Arabi, O., See, C. H., Ullah, A., Ali, N., Liu, B., Abd-Alhameed, R., McEwan, N. J., & Excell, P. S. (2020). Compact Wideband MIMO Diversity Antenna for Mobile Applications Using Multi-Layered Structure. Electronics, 9(8), 1307. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9081307

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