The Future of NMR Metabolomics in Cancer Therapy: Towards Personalizing Treatment and Developing Targeted Drugs?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
1.2. NMR Metabolomics
1.3. Targeted Therapeutics
Class | Type | Drug | Cancer | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Estrogen Receptor Inhibitors | Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) | Tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex®) | Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) post radiation and surgery | [56,57] |
Signal transduction inhibitors | Small-molecule drug | Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec®) | Multiple tumors and disorders * | [64] |
Small-molecule drug | Lapatinib (Tykerb®) | HER-2-/hormone-positive advanced breast cancer | [58] | |
Small-molecule drug | Vandetanib (Caprelsa®) | Unresectable and advanced medullary thyroid cancer | [55] | |
Apoptosis inducers | Proteasome inhibitor | Bortezomib (Velcade®) | Multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma (post first-line therapy) | [65] |
1.4. Drug Discovery and Development
2. Investigating Existing and Potential Anti-Cancer Agents
2.1. Evaluating Toxicity
2.2. Evaluating Resistance and Sensitivity
2.3. Treatment Response to Different Drugs
2.4. Treatment Response in Different Cell Lines
2.5. Evaluating Dose Response
2.6. Evaluation Unconventional Therapies
3. Personalizing and Stratifying Medicine
3.1. Survival and Outcome
3.2. Identifying Subtypes
3.3. Case Reports
4. Discussion and Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflict of Interest
References
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Palmnas, M.S.A.; Vogel, H.J. The Future of NMR Metabolomics in Cancer Therapy: Towards Personalizing Treatment and Developing Targeted Drugs? Metabolites 2013, 3, 373-396. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo3020373
Palmnas MSA, Vogel HJ. The Future of NMR Metabolomics in Cancer Therapy: Towards Personalizing Treatment and Developing Targeted Drugs? Metabolites. 2013; 3(2):373-396. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo3020373
Chicago/Turabian StylePalmnas, Marie S.A., and Hans J Vogel. 2013. "The Future of NMR Metabolomics in Cancer Therapy: Towards Personalizing Treatment and Developing Targeted Drugs?" Metabolites 3, no. 2: 373-396. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo3020373