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Biomolecules
Volume 10
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10.3390/biom10030389
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Review

Galectin-3 as a Next-Generation Biomarker for Detecting Early Stage of Various Diseases

by
Akira Hara
1,*,
Masayuki Niwa
2,
Kei Noguchi
1,
Tomohiro Kanayama
1,
Ayumi Niwa
1,
Mikiko Matsuo
1,
Yuichiro Hatano
1 and
Hiroyuki Tomita
1
1
Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
2
Medical Science Division, United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomolecules 2020, 10(3), 389; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10030389
Submission received: 31 January 2020 / Revised: 28 February 2020 / Accepted: 1 March 2020 / Published: 3 March 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Galectins: their Network and Roles in Infection/Immunity/Tumor Growth Control)
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Abstract

Galectin-3 is a β-galactoside-binding lectin which is important in numerous biological activities in various organs, including cell proliferation, apoptotic regulation, inflammation, fibrosis, and host defense. Galectin-3 is predominantly located in the cytoplasm and expressed on the cell surface, and then often secreted into biological fluids, like serum and urine. It is also released from injured cells and inflammatory cells under various pathological conditions. Many studies have revealed that galectin-3 plays an important role as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for certain types of heart disease, kidney disease, viral infection, autoimmune disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and tumor formation. In particular, it has been recognized that galectin-3 is extremely useful for detecting many of these diseases in their early stages. The purpose of this article is to review and summarize the recent literature focusing on the biomarker characteristics and long-term outcome predictions of galectin-3, in not only patients with various types of diseases, but associated animal models.
Keywords: galectin-3; biomarker; diagnostic; prognostic; early stage; tumor; animal model galectin-3; biomarker; diagnostic; prognostic; early stage; tumor; animal model

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hara, A.; Niwa, M.; Noguchi, K.; Kanayama, T.; Niwa, A.; Matsuo, M.; Hatano, Y.; Tomita, H. Galectin-3 as a Next-Generation Biomarker for Detecting Early Stage of Various Diseases. Biomolecules 2020, 10, 389. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10030389

AMA Style

Hara A, Niwa M, Noguchi K, Kanayama T, Niwa A, Matsuo M, Hatano Y, Tomita H. Galectin-3 as a Next-Generation Biomarker for Detecting Early Stage of Various Diseases. Biomolecules. 2020; 10(3):389. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10030389

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hara, Akira, Masayuki Niwa, Kei Noguchi, Tomohiro Kanayama, Ayumi Niwa, Mikiko Matsuo, Yuichiro Hatano, and Hiroyuki Tomita. 2020. "Galectin-3 as a Next-Generation Biomarker for Detecting Early Stage of Various Diseases" Biomolecules 10, no. 3: 389. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10030389

APA Style

Hara, A., Niwa, M., Noguchi, K., Kanayama, T., Niwa, A., Matsuo, M., Hatano, Y., & Tomita, H. (2020). Galectin-3 as a Next-Generation Biomarker for Detecting Early Stage of Various Diseases. Biomolecules, 10(3), 389. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10030389

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