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Article

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Cytobacillus firmus Isolated from the Stem Bark of Terminalia arjuna and Their Antimicrobial Activity

by
Sujesh Sudarsan
1,
Madan Kumar Shankar
2,
Anil Kumar Belagal Motatis
1,
Sushmitha Shankar
1,
Darshan Krishnappa
1,
Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya Mohan
3,
Kanchugarakoppal S. Rangappa
4,
Vijai Kumar Gupta
5,6,* and
Chandra Nayaka Siddaiah
1,*
1
Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India
2
Institute of Excellence, VijnanaBhavan, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India
3
Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India
4
Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India
5
Center for Safe and Improved Food, Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
6
Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomolecules 2021, 11(2), 259; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11020259
Submission received: 31 December 2020 / Revised: 30 January 2021 / Accepted: 2 February 2021 / Published: 10 February 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Formulations in Agri-Food-Pharma: Source and Applications)

Abstract

This work reports an eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using endophytic bacteria, Cytobacillus firmus isolated from the stem bark of Terminalia arjuna. The synthesis of AgNPs was confirmed by visual observation as a change in color of the bacterial solution impregnated with silver. Further, the morphology of the AgNPs, average size, and presence of elemental silver were characterized by UV–Visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering spectroscopy. The roles of endophytic secondary metabolites in the metal reduction, stabilization, and capping of silver nanoparticles were studied by qualitative FTIR spectral peaks. The antimicrobial ability of AgNPs was evaluated against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria and pearl millet blast disease-causing fungi (Magnoporthe grisea). The biosynthesized AgNPs showed good antibacterial and antifungal activities. AgNPs effectively inhibited the bacterial growth in a dose-dependent manner and presented as good antifungal agents towards the growth of Magnoporthe grisea.
Keywords: Terminalia arjuna; endophytes; Cytobacillus firmus; silver nanoparticles; antimicrobial activity Terminalia arjuna; endophytes; Cytobacillus firmus; silver nanoparticles; antimicrobial activity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sudarsan, S.; Kumar Shankar, M.; Kumar Belagal Motatis, A.; Shankar, S.; Krishnappa, D.; Mohan, C.D.; Rangappa, K.S.; Gupta, V.K.; Siddaiah, C.N. Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Cytobacillus firmus Isolated from the Stem Bark of Terminalia arjuna and Their Antimicrobial Activity. Biomolecules 2021, 11, 259. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11020259

AMA Style

Sudarsan S, Kumar Shankar M, Kumar Belagal Motatis A, Shankar S, Krishnappa D, Mohan CD, Rangappa KS, Gupta VK, Siddaiah CN. Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Cytobacillus firmus Isolated from the Stem Bark of Terminalia arjuna and Their Antimicrobial Activity. Biomolecules. 2021; 11(2):259. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11020259

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sudarsan, Sujesh, Madan Kumar Shankar, Anil Kumar Belagal Motatis, Sushmitha Shankar, Darshan Krishnappa, Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya Mohan, Kanchugarakoppal S. Rangappa, Vijai Kumar Gupta, and Chandra Nayaka Siddaiah. 2021. "Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Cytobacillus firmus Isolated from the Stem Bark of Terminalia arjuna and Their Antimicrobial Activity" Biomolecules 11, no. 2: 259. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11020259

APA Style

Sudarsan, S., Kumar Shankar, M., Kumar Belagal Motatis, A., Shankar, S., Krishnappa, D., Mohan, C. D., Rangappa, K. S., Gupta, V. K., & Siddaiah, C. N. (2021). Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Cytobacillus firmus Isolated from the Stem Bark of Terminalia arjuna and Their Antimicrobial Activity. Biomolecules, 11(2), 259. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11020259

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