Regulation of Epithelial Sodium Transport by SARS-CoV-2 Is Closely Related with Fibrinolytic System-Associated Proteins
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Relationship of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Lung Impairment
2.1. ARDS Different from ‘Classic’ Occurs in COVID-19 Patients
2.2. SARS-CoV-2 Promotes ENaC Degradation
2.3. SARS-CoV-2 May Change the Subcellular Localization of ENaC
2.4. SARS-CoV-2 Relieves the Inhibitory Effect of TMPRSS2 on ENaC Expression
2.5. Pro-Inflammatory Mediators Influence ENaC Expression under SARS-CoV-2 Infection
3. Dysfunction of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis System Caused by SARS-CoV-2 Infection
4. Regulation of Epithelial Sodium Transport by SARS-CoV-2 Related with Plasmin-Associated Proteins
4.1. Plasmin Participates in the Proteolytic Cleavage of ENaC
4.2. Plasmin Directly Regulates the Opening Probability of ENaC
4.3. Angiotensin II Reduces Plasmin Expression to Regulate ENaC Activity
4.4. Neutrophil Elastase May Inhibit Plasmin Expression to Regulate ENaC Activity
5. Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Therapeutics Associated with Fibrinolytic System Regulation of ENaC
5.1. Soluble ACE2
5.2. Protease Inhibitors
5.3. Immunoregulation Agents
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Wang, T.; Zhai, Y.; Xue, H.; Zhou, W.; Ding, Y.; Nie, H. Regulation of Epithelial Sodium Transport by SARS-CoV-2 Is Closely Related with Fibrinolytic System-Associated Proteins. Biomolecules 2023, 13, 578. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13040578
Wang T, Zhai Y, Xue H, Zhou W, Ding Y, Nie H. Regulation of Epithelial Sodium Transport by SARS-CoV-2 Is Closely Related with Fibrinolytic System-Associated Proteins. Biomolecules. 2023; 13(4):578. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13040578
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Tingyu, Yiman Zhai, Hao Xue, Wei Zhou, Yan Ding, and Hongguang Nie. 2023. "Regulation of Epithelial Sodium Transport by SARS-CoV-2 Is Closely Related with Fibrinolytic System-Associated Proteins" Biomolecules 13, no. 4: 578. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13040578