Double-Edge Effects of Leucine on Cancer Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Leucine and Muscle Protein Synthesis: Mechanisms and Impacts
3. Leucine and Cancer
3.1. Anti-Tumor Effects of Leucine
3.2. Pro-Tumorigenic Effects of Leucine
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Effects of Leucine | Cancer Type | Leucine Intervention | Mechanisms of Action | Source(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Antitumor effects | Breast cancer | Leu deprivation | Increased caspase activity | [71] |
Liver cancer | L-Leu supplementation | Induced apoptosis | [72] | |
Leu supplementation | Increased histone acetylation and expression of antigen-presenting genes in CD74+ neutrophils | [73] | ||
Leu deprivation | Decreased leucine metabolism | [74] | ||
Colon cancer | Leu supplementation | Activated mTORC1 in CD8+ TILs | [75] | |
Colorectal cancer | Leu supplementation | Increased histone acetylation and expression of antigen-presenting genes in CD74+ neutrophils | [73] | |
Leu deprivation | Limited TGF-β1 secretion in LARS B cells | [76] | ||
Lung cancer | Leu supplementation | Increased histone acetylation and expression of antigen-presenting genes in CD74+ neutrophils | [73] | |
Pro-tumorigenic effects | Breast cancer | High-fat diet (Leu releasing) | Activated mTOR signaling | [77] |
Bladder cancer | Leu supplementation | Activated amino-acid transporters and oncogenic genes | [70,78] | |
Pancreatic cancer | Leu supplementation | Activated mTOR signaling or elevated glucose levels in the bloodstream | [68,71] | |
Colorectal cancer | Leu supplementation | Increased LARS B cell generationIncreased TGF-β1 production | [75] |
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© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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Akbay, B.; Omarova, Z.; Trofimov, A.; Sailike, B.; Karapina, O.; Molnár, F.; Tokay, T. Double-Edge Effects of Leucine on Cancer Cells. Biomolecules 2024, 14, 1401. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14111401
Akbay B, Omarova Z, Trofimov A, Sailike B, Karapina O, Molnár F, Tokay T. Double-Edge Effects of Leucine on Cancer Cells. Biomolecules. 2024; 14(11):1401. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14111401
Chicago/Turabian StyleAkbay, Burkitkan, Zhannur Omarova, Alexander Trofimov, Bayan Sailike, Orynbassar Karapina, Ferdinand Molnár, and Tursonjan Tokay. 2024. "Double-Edge Effects of Leucine on Cancer Cells" Biomolecules 14, no. 11: 1401. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14111401