Crystal Violet Selectively Detects Aβ Oligomers but Not Fibrils In Vitro and in Alzheimer’s Disease Brain Tissue
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Aβ42 Preparation
2.2. Dye Stock Preparation
2.3. Kinetic Screening Assay
2.4. AFM and TEM Imaging
2.5. Immunoblotting
2.6. Mice and Tissue Processing
2.7. Mouse and Human Brain Staining for Aβ and A11-Positive Oligomers
2.8. Crystal Violet and Thioflavin S Staining
2.9. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Distinct ThT vs. CV Kinetics of Aβ42 Amyloid Growth Imply CV Is an Oligomer-Selective Dye
3.2. CV Kinetics Match with the Presence of Aβ Oligomers in Solution
3.3. CV Selectively Detects AβOs over AβFs in APP/PS1 Mouse and Human AD Brains
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Karunarathne, K.; Kee, T.R.; Jeon, H.; Cazzaro, S.; Gamage, Y.I.; Pan, J.; Woo, J.-A.A.; Kang, D.E.; Muschol, M. Crystal Violet Selectively Detects Aβ Oligomers but Not Fibrils In Vitro and in Alzheimer’s Disease Brain Tissue. Biomolecules 2024, 14, 615. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14060615
Karunarathne K, Kee TR, Jeon H, Cazzaro S, Gamage YI, Pan J, Woo J-AA, Kang DE, Muschol M. Crystal Violet Selectively Detects Aβ Oligomers but Not Fibrils In Vitro and in Alzheimer’s Disease Brain Tissue. Biomolecules. 2024; 14(6):615. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14060615
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarunarathne, Kanchana, Teresa R. Kee, Hanna Jeon, Sara Cazzaro, Yasith I. Gamage, Jianjun Pan, Jung-A. A. Woo, David E. Kang, and Martin Muschol. 2024. "Crystal Violet Selectively Detects Aβ Oligomers but Not Fibrils In Vitro and in Alzheimer’s Disease Brain Tissue" Biomolecules 14, no. 6: 615. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14060615