Bacterial Sigma Factors and Anti-Sigma Factors: Structure, Function and Distribution
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Structural Organisation of σ70 and Other Group 1 σ Factors
3. Structure and Function of Alternative σ Factors
3.1. Group 2 σ Factors
3.2. Group 3 σ Factors
3.3. Group 4 (ECF) σ Factors
4. Inhibition of Alternative σ Factors by Anti-σ Factors
4.1. Anti-σ Factors that Insert between σ2 and σ4
4.2. Anti-σ Factors that Wrap around σ2 and σ4
5. Mechanisms for Triggering σ Factor Release from Anti-σ Factors
5.1. Regulated Proteolysis
5.2. Direct Sensing
5.3. Partner-Switching
6. Indirect Regulation of Alternative σ Factors by Primary σ Factor Control
7. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
ASD | Anti-sigma domain |
σR | Sigma region |
ZASD | Zinc binding anti-sigma domain |
RIP | Regulated intramembrane proteolysis |
RNAP | RNA polymerase |
RP | RNA polymerase/ promoter complex |
NCR | Non-conserved region of sigma |
ECF | Extracytoplasmic function |
OMP | Outer membrane protein |
LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Paget, M.S. Bacterial Sigma Factors and Anti-Sigma Factors: Structure, Function and Distribution. Biomolecules 2015, 5, 1245-1265. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom5031245
Paget MS. Bacterial Sigma Factors and Anti-Sigma Factors: Structure, Function and Distribution. Biomolecules. 2015; 5(3):1245-1265. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom5031245
Chicago/Turabian StylePaget, Mark S. 2015. "Bacterial Sigma Factors and Anti-Sigma Factors: Structure, Function and Distribution" Biomolecules 5, no. 3: 1245-1265. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom5031245
APA StylePaget, M. S. (2015). Bacterial Sigma Factors and Anti-Sigma Factors: Structure, Function and Distribution. Biomolecules, 5(3), 1245-1265. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom5031245