Multiscale Modeling of Plasma-Assisted Non-Premixed Microcombustion
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- Thermal Effects: Plasma transfers energy to the gas, raising its temperature and thereby enhancing the rate of temperature-sensitive chemical reactions.
- Kinetic Effects: Plasma introduces alternative reaction pathways that are not present in pure combustion systems, altering the chemical kinetics.
- Transport Effects: Electric fields generated by the plasma influence charged particles through electric-field-driven drift, enhanced diffusion, and other bulk fluid processes, such as pressure waves, shock waves, and turbulence initiation.
2. Numerical Methods
2.1. Case Study, the Plasma Actuator
2.2. Geometric Features of the Microcombustor
3. Modeling
3.1. PIC
3.2. Chemistry Plasma Effect Modeling
3.3. Modelling Combustion
4. Validation
5. Results
5.1. Plasma Discharge Kinetic Results
5.2. Plasma Assisted Combustion Results
6. Conclusions
- The influence of plasma is impactful, maintaining a stationary flame in the duct.
- The PAC model enhanced the reliability in non-premixed conditions considering the local plasma region.
- The results highlighted the fundamental role of kinetic effects, which cannot be neglected. This underscores the novelty of our approach compared to the PAC steady-state methods in the literature, which only consider momentum and energy effects in CFD models. The effect of plasma is also significant at very low equivalence ratios, such as 0.1.
- Additional experimental investigations are required to ensure comprehensive validation of the proposed model. Moreover, further studies on PIC are necessary for the function of the local concentration, providing a more comprehensive evaluation of the model’s effectiveness.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Geometric Features | Test Case Geometric Parameters [m] |
---|---|
Streamwise Electrodes gap | 4 × 10−6 |
Electrodes Thickness | 1 × 10−6 |
Dielectric thickness | 1.2 × 10−5 |
Electrodes length | 1 × 10−4 |
Electrodes width | 1.57 × 10−3 |
Frequency | 1 GHz |
Amplitude | 162.5 V |
Fowler-Nordheim Equation Constants | |
---|---|
AFN | 1.54 × 10−6 |
βFN | 50.0 |
CvFN | 0 |
BvFN | 6.8308 × 109 |
CyFN | 3.79 × 10−5 |
φVFN | 4.0 |
Species Type | Molecules |
---|---|
Elements | N, H, O |
Charged particles | N+ N2+ N3+ N4+ O+ O2+ O4+ O− O2− O3− O4− NO+ N2O+ NO− N2O− NO2− NO3− O2+ E H+ H2+ |
Excited species | O2(V1), O2(V2), O2(V3), O2(V4), O2(A1), O2(B1), O2(4.5EV), N2(V1), N2(V2), N2(V3), N2(V4), OH* |
Chemical Species | Molar Fraction |
---|---|
H | 2.67 × 10−1 |
H2 | 2.29 × 10−8 |
O | 1.31 × 10−1 |
O2 | 1.01 × 10−4 |
OH | 7.19 × 10−6 |
H2O | 1.24 × 10−10 |
HO2 | 3.61 × 10−5 |
H2O2 | 4.13 × 10−19 |
HE | 6.01 × 10−1 |
O2 | 1.31 × 10−3 |
Hazenberg et al. [38] | Our Analysis Values [particles/m3] | |
---|---|---|
Max ions density | 3.6 × 1020 | 6.0 × 1019 |
Average ions density | 1.40 × 1018 | 1.41 × 1018 |
Max electrons density | 2.0 × 1019 | 6.0 × 1019 |
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Cinieri, G.; Mehdi, G.; De Giorgi, M.G. Multiscale Modeling of Plasma-Assisted Non-Premixed Microcombustion. Aerospace 2024, 11, 697. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace11090697
Cinieri G, Mehdi G, De Giorgi MG. Multiscale Modeling of Plasma-Assisted Non-Premixed Microcombustion. Aerospace. 2024; 11(9):697. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace11090697
Chicago/Turabian StyleCinieri, Giacomo, Ghazanfar Mehdi, and Maria Grazia De Giorgi. 2024. "Multiscale Modeling of Plasma-Assisted Non-Premixed Microcombustion" Aerospace 11, no. 9: 697. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace11090697