Do Daytime Activity, Mood and Unit Tumult Predict Nighttime Sleep Quality of Long-Term Care Residents?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design, Setting, and Sample
2.2. Measurement
2.3. Procedures
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Daytime Activity and Sleep
3.2. Nighttime Sleep Quality
3.3. Mood at Morning and Bedtime
3.4. Factors Predicting Nighttime Sleep Quality
3.5. Unit Tumult and Sleep Quality
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Livingston, G.; Sommerlad, A.; Orgeta, V.; Costafreda, S.G.; Huntley, J.; Ames, D.; Ballard, C.; Banerjee, S.; Burns, A.; Cohen-Mansfield, J.; et al. Dementia prevention, intervention, and care. Lancet 2017, 390, 2673–2734. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Martin, J.L.; Ancoli-Israel, S. Sleep Disturbances in Long-Term Care. Clin. Geriatr. Med. 2008, 24, 39–50. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Mccleery, J.; Cohen, D.A.; Sharpley, A.L. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in Alzheimer’s disease. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2014, 3, CD009178. [Google Scholar]
- Wennberg, A.M.V.; Wu, M.N.; Rosenberg, P.B.; Spira, A.P. Sleep Disturbance, Cognitive Decline, and Dementia: A Review. Semin. Neurol. 2017, 37, 395–406. [Google Scholar]
- Isaia, G.; Corsinovi, L.; Bo, M.; Santos-Pereira, P.; Michelis, G.; Aimonino, N.; Zanocchi, M. Insomnia among hospitalized elderly patients: Prevalence, clinical characteristics and risk factors. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 2011, 52, 133–137. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Wu, L.; Sun, D. Sleep duration and falls: A systemic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. J. Sleep Res. 2017, 26, 293–301. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Capezuti, E.; Sagha Zadeh, R.; Pain, K.; Basara, A.; Jiang, N.Z.; Krieger, A.C. A systematic review of non-pharmacological interventions to improve nighttime sleep among residents of long-term care settings. BMC Geriatr. 2018, 18, 143. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Martin, M.S.; Sforza, E.; Barthélémy, J.C.; Thomas-Anterion, C.; Roche, F. Sleep perception in non-insomniac healthy Elderly: A 3-Year longitudinal study. Rejuvenation Res. 2014, 17, 11–18. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Van Erum, J.; Van Dam, D.; De Deyn, P.P. Sleep and Alzheimer’s disease: A pivotal role for the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Sleep Med. Rev. 2018, 40, 17–27. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Li, J.; Chang, Y.P.; Porock, D. Factors Associated with Daytime Sleep in Nursing Home Residents. Res. Aging 2015, 37, 103–117. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dzierzewski, J.M.; O’Brien, E.M.; Kay, D.; McCrae, C.S. Tackling sleeplessness: Psychological treatment options for insomnia in older adults. Nat. Sci. Sleep 2010, 2, 47–61. [Google Scholar] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Figueiro, M.G.; Plitnick, B.; Roohan, C.; Sahin, L.; Kalsher, M.; Rea, M.S. Effects of a tailored lighting intervention on sleep quality, rest–activity, mood, and behavior in older adults with Alzheimer disease and related dementias: A randomized clinical trial. J. Clin. Sleep Med. 2019, 15, 1757–1767. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Ouslander, J.G.; Connell, B.R.; Bliwise, D.L.; Endeshaw, Y.; Griffiths, P.; Schnelle, J.F. A nonpharmacological intervention to improve sleep in nursing home patients: Results of a controlled clinical trial. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2006, 54, 38–47. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hall, G.R.; Buckwalter, K.C. Progressively lowered stress threshold: A conceptual model for care of adults with Alzheimer’s disease. Arch. Psychiatr. Nurs. 1987, 1, 399–406. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Barton, C.; Ketelle, R.; Merrilees, J.; Miller, B. Non-pharmacological Management of Behavioral Symptoms in Frontotemporal and Other Dementias. Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep. 2016, 16, 14. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chaudhury, H.; Cooke, H. Design matters in dementia care: The role of the physical environment in dementia care settings. In Excellence in Dementia Care: Research into Practice; Open University Press: Maidenhead, UK, 2014. [Google Scholar]
- Cohen, S.; Gianaros, P.J.; Manuck, S.B. A Stage Model of Stress and Disease. Perspect. Psychol. Sci. 2016, 11, 456–463. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Smith, M.; Gerdner, L.A.; Hall, G.R.; Buckwalter, K.C. History, development, and future of the progressively lowered stress threshold: A conceptual model for dementia care. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2004, 52, 1755–1760. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Stone, K.L.; Ancoli-Israel, S.; Blackwell, T.; Ensrud, K.; Cauley, J.A.; Redline, S.; Hillier, T.A.; Schneider, J.; Claman, D.; Cummings, S.R. Actigraphy-measured sleep characteristics and risk of falls in older women. Arch. Intern. Med. 2008, 168, 1768–1775. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Ancoli-Israel, S.; Cole, R.; Alessi, C.; Chambers, M.; Moorcroft, W.; Pollak, C.P. The role of actigraphy in the study of sleep and circadian rhythms. Sleep 2003, 26, 342–392. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Gorny, S.W.; Spiro, J.R. Comparing different methodologies used in wrist actigraphy. Sleep Rev. 2001, 2, 40–42. [Google Scholar]
- Blackwell, T.; Redline, S.; Ancoli-Israel, S.; Schneider, J.L.; Surovec, S.; Johnson, N.L.; Cauley, J.A.; Stone, K.L.; Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. Comparison of sleep parameters from actigraphy and polysomnography in older women: The SOF study. Sleep 2008, 31, 283–291. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Berger, A.M.; Wielgus, K.K.; Young-McCaughan, S.; Fischer, P.; Farr, L.; Lee, K.A. Methodological Challenges When Using Actigraphy in Research. J. Pain Symptom Manag. 2008, 36, 191–199. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Enderlin, C.A.; Coleman, E.A.; Cole, C.; Richards, K.C.; Kennedy, R.L.; Goodwin, J.A.; Hutchins, L.F.; Mack, K. Subjective sleep quality, objective sleep characteristics, insomnia symptom severity, and daytime sleepiness in women aged 50 and older with nonmetastatic breast cancer. Oncol. Nurs. Forum 2011, 38, E314–E325. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Moore, C.M.; Schmiege, S.J.; Matthews, E.E. Actigraphy and Sleep Diary Measurements in Breast Cancer Survivors: Discrepancy in Selected Sleep Parameters. Behav. Sleep Med. 2015, 13, 472–490. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Lawton, M.P.; Van Haitsma, K.; Klapper, J. Observed affect in nursing home residents with Alzheimer’s disease. J. Gerontol. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. 1996, 51, P3–P14. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Lawton, M.P.; Van Haitsma, K.; Klapper, J.A. Observed Emotion Rating Scale. 1999. Available online: www.abramsoncenter.org/PRI (accessed on 28 August 2021).
- U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Find a Nursing Home. 2019. Available online: https://www.medicare.gov/nursinghomecompare/search.html? (accessed on 28 August 2021).
- Folstein, M.F.; Folstein, S.E.; McHugh, P.R. “Mini-mental state”. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J. Psychiatr. Res. 1975, 12, 189–198. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Salvi, F.; Miller, M.D.; Grilli, A.; Giorgi, R.; Towers, A.L.; Morichi, V.; Spazzafumo, L.; Mancinelli, L.; Espinosa, E.; Rappelli, A.; et al. A manual of guidelines to score the modified Cumulative Illness Rating Scale and its validation in acute hospitalized elderly patients. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2008, 56, 1926–1931. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Vitiello, M.V.; Moe, K.E.; Prinz, P.N. Sleep complaints cosegregate with illness in older adults clinical research informed by and informing epidemiological studies of sleep. J. Psychosom. Res. 2002, 53, 555–559. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Clare, L. Awareness in people with severe dementia: Review and integration. Aging Ment. Health 2010, 14, 20–32. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kume, Y.; Kodama, A.; Sato, K.; Kurosawa, S.; Ishikawa, T.; Ishikawa, S. Sleep/awake status throughout the night and circadian motor activity patterns in older nursing-home residents with or without dementia, and older community-dwelling people without dementia. Int. Psychogeriatr. 2016, 28, 2001–2008. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Gindin, J.; Shochat, T.; Chetrit, A.; Epstein, S.; Ben Israel, Y.; Levi, S.; Onder, G.; Carpenter, I.; Finne-Soveri, H.; van Hout, H.; et al. Insomnia in long-term care facilities: A comparison of seven European countries and Israel: The Services and Health for Elderly in Long TERm care study. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2014, 62, 2033–2039. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Fung, C.H.; Martin, J.L.; Chung, C.; Fiorentino, L.; Mitchell, M.; Josephson, K.R.; Jouldjian, S.; Alessi, C. Sleep disturbance among older adults in assisted living facilities. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 2012, 20, 485–493. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Bartfay, E.; Stewart, P.; Bartfay, W.; Papaconstantinou, E. Is There an Association between Physical Activity and Sleep in Community-Dwelling Persons with Dementia: An Exploratory Study Using Self-Reported Measures? Healthcare 2019, 7, 6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Lee, Y.; Kim, S. Effects of indoor gardening on sleep, agitation, and cognition in dementia patients—A pilot study. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 2008, 23, 485–489. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Richards, K.C.; Sullivan, S.C.; Phillips, R.L.; Beck, C.K.; Overton-McCoy, A.L. The effect of individualized activities on the sleep of nursing home residents who are cognitively impaired: A pilot study. J. Gerontol. Nurs. 2001, 27, 30–37. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Richards, K.C.; Lambert, C.; Beck, C.K.; Bliwise, D.L.; Evans, W.J.; Ms, G.K.K.; Kleban, M.H.; Lorenz, R.; Rose, K.; Gooneratne, N.S.; et al. Strength training, walking, and social activity improve sleep in nursing home and assisted living residents: Randomized controlled trial. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2011, 59, 214–223. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- McCurry, S.M.; Pike, K.C.; Vitiello, M.V.; Logsdon, R.G.; Larson, E.B.; Teri, L. Increasing walking and bright light exposure to improve sleep in community-dwelling persons with Alzheimer’s disease: Results of a randomized, controlled trial. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2011, 59, 1393–1402. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kahn, M.; Sheppes, G.; Sadeh, A. Sleep and emotions: Bidirectional links and underlying mechanisms. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 2013, 89, 218–228. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Fortunato, V.J.; Harsh, J. Stress and sleep quality: The moderating role of negative affectivity. Pers. Individ. Differ. 2006, 41, 825–836. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Talbot, L.S.; Hairston, I.S.; Eidelman, P.; Gruber, J.; Harvey, A.G. The Effect of Mood on Sleep Onset Latency and REM Sleep in Interepisode Bipolar Disorder. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 2009, 56, 660–667. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Smagula, S.F.; Stone, K.L.; Fabio, A.; Cauley, J.A. Risk factors for sleep disturbances in older adults: Evidence from prospective studies. Sleep Med. Rev. 2016, 25, 21–30. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Hu, K.; Riemersma-Van Der Lek, R.F.; Patxot, M.; Li, P.; Shea, S.; Scheer, F.A.J.L.; Van Someren, E.J.W. Progression of Dementia Assessed by Temporal Correlations of Physical Activity: Results from a 3.5-Year, Longitudinal Randomized Controlled Trial. Sci. Rep. 2016, 6, 27742. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Babson, K.A.; Trainor, C.D.; Feldner, M.T.; Blumenthal, H. A test of the effects of acute sleep deprivation on general and specific self-reported anxiety and depressive symptoms: An experimental extension. J. Behav. Exp. Psychiatry 2010, 41, 297–303. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Luff, R.; Ellmers, T.; Eyers, I.; Young, E.; Arber, S. Time spent in bed at night by care-home residents: Choice or compromise? Ageing Soc. 2011, 33, 1229–1250. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Kerr, D.; Wilkinson, H.; Cunningham, C. Supporting Older People in Care Homes at Night; Joseph Rowntree Foundation: New York, NY, USA, 2008. [Google Scholar]
- Missildine, K. Sleep and the sleep environment of older adults in acute care settings. J. Gerontol. Nurs. 2008, 34, 15–21. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kim, J.H.; Duffy, J.F. Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders in Older Adults. Sleep Med. Clin. 2018, 13, 39–50. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Buhr, G.T.; White, H.K. Difficult behaviors in long-term care patients with dementia. J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. 2007, 8, e101–e113. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- DiBartolo, M.C.; Vozzella, S.M.; Rebert, A.N. The club concept: Targeting behavioral issues in a residential setting for cognitively impaired adults. J. Gerontol. Nurs. 2013, 39, 46–51. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nunez, K.M.; Khan, Z.; Testad, I.; Lawrence, V.; Creese, B.; Corbett, A. Current practice and challenges in night-time care for people with dementia living in care homes: A qualitative study. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 2018, 33, 140–149. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Day and Sleep Measure * | Median | Minimum | Maximum |
---|---|---|---|
Total Sleep Time | |||
Day 1 | 507 | 1 | 804 |
Day 2 | 500 | 9 | 825 |
Day 3 | 516 | 1 | 773 |
Sleep Latency | |||
Day 1 | 7 | 0 | 96 |
Day 2 | 9.5 | 0 | 633 |
Day 3 | 7.5 | 0 | 780 |
Sleep Efficiency | |||
Day 1 | 84 | 40 | 100 |
Day 2 | 85 | 44 | 99 |
Day 3 | 83 | 36 | 99 |
Wake After Sleep Onset | |||
Day 1 | 93 | 0 | 451 |
Day 2 | 92 | 5 | 363 |
Day 3 | 100 | 0 | 679 |
Step and Predictor Variables | R2 | ΔR2 | β | t | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Step 1 | |||||
Comorbid Illness | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.030 | 0.213 | 0.832 |
Step 2 | |||||
Comorbid Illness | 0.093 | 0.725 | 0.472 | ||
Negative Mood at Bedtime | 0.193 | 0.192 * | −0.443 * | −3.451 | 0.001 * |
Step 3 | |||||
Comorbid Illness | 0.016 | 0.125 | 0.901 | ||
Negative Mood at Bedtime | −0.340 * | −2.548 * | 0.014 * | ||
Daytime Activity | 0.261 | 0.068 * | −0.287 | −2.121 * | 0.039 * |
F(3, 52) = 5.776, p = 0.002 |
No Census Change | Census Change | |
---|---|---|
Total sleep time (≤7 h) | 10 | 5 |
Total sleep time (>7 h) | 17 | 15 |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Taani, M.H.; Kovach, C.R. Do Daytime Activity, Mood and Unit Tumult Predict Nighttime Sleep Quality of Long-Term Care Residents? Healthcare 2022, 10, 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10010022
Taani MH, Kovach CR. Do Daytime Activity, Mood and Unit Tumult Predict Nighttime Sleep Quality of Long-Term Care Residents? Healthcare. 2022; 10(1):22. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10010022
Chicago/Turabian StyleTaani, Murad H., and Christine R. Kovach. 2022. "Do Daytime Activity, Mood and Unit Tumult Predict Nighttime Sleep Quality of Long-Term Care Residents?" Healthcare 10, no. 1: 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10010022