Analyzing the within and between Players Variability of Heart Rate and Locomotor Responses in Small-Sided Soccer Games Performed Repeatedly over a Week
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Approach to the Problem
2.2. Participants
2.3. Physical Fitness Assessment
2.4. Small-Sided Games
2.5. Heart Rate (HR) and Locomotor Demands
2.6. Statistical Procedures
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Study Limitations
4.2. Practical Applications
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Match day | Day off | Warm-up FIFA 11+ | Warm-up FIFA 11+ | Warm-up FIFA 11+ | Warm-up FIFA 11+ | Day off | Match day | Day off | Warm-up FIFA 11+ | Warm-up FIFA 11+ | Warm-up FIFA 11+ | Warm-up FIFA 11+ |
Format: 5v5 Pitch: 50 × 31 m Area per player: 155 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.6 Time: 5 min Small goal in the center No offside | Format: 5v5 Pitch: 40 × 25 m Area per player: 100 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.6 Time: 5 min Small goal in the center No offside | Format: 5v5 Pitch: 50 × 31 m Area per player: 155 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.6 Time: 5 min Small goal in the center No offside | Format: 5v5 Pitch: 40 × 25 m Area per player: 100 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.6 Time: 5 min Small goal in the center No offside | Format: 3v3 Pitch: 39 × 24 m Area per player: 156 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.6 Time: 3 min Small goal in the center No offside | Format: 3v3 Pitch: 32 × 19 m Area per player: 101 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.7 Time: 3 min Small goal in the center No offside | Format: 3v3 Pitch: 39 × 24 m Area per player: 156 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.6 Time: 3 min Small goal in the center No offside | Format: 3v3 Pitch: 32 × 19 m Area per player: 101 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.7 Time: 3 min Small goal in the center No offside | |||||
Recovery 3 min | Recovery 3 min | Recovery 3 min | Recovery 3 min | Recovery 3 min | Recovery 3 min | Recovery 3 min | Recovery 3 min | |||||
Format: 5v5 Pitch: 40 × 25 m Area per player: 100 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.6 Time: 5 min Small goal in the center No offside | Format: 5v5 Pitch: 50 × 31 m Area per player: 155 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.6 Time: 5 min Small goal in the center No offside | Format: 5v5 Pitch: 40 × 25 m Area per player: 100 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.6 Time: 5 min Small goal in the center No offside | Format: 5v5 Pitch: 50 × 31 m Area per player: 155 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.6 Time: 5 min Small goal in the center No offside | Format: 3v3 Pitch: 32 × 19 m Area per player: 101 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.7 Time: 3 min Small goal in the center No offside | Format: 3v3 Pitch: 39 × 24 m Area per player: 156 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.6 Time: 3 min Small goal in the center No offside | Format: 3v3 Pitch: 32 × 19 m Area per player: 101 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.7 Time: 3 min Small goal in the center No offside | Format: 3v3 Pitch: 39 × 24 m Area per player: 156 m2 Length per width ratio: 1.6 Time: 3 min Small goal in the center No offside |
3v3 (39 × 24 m) Day1 BPV (CV%) | 3v3 (39 × 24 m) Day2 BPV (CV%) | 3v3 (39 × 24 m) Day3 BPV (CV%) | 3v3 (39 × 24 m) Day4 BPV (CV%) | 3v3 (32 × 19 m) Day1 BPV (CV%) | 3v3 (32 × 19 m) Day 2 BPV (CV%) | 3v3 (32 × 19 m) Day 3 BPV (CV%) | 3v3 (32 × 19 m) Day 4 BPV (CV%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HRmean (bpm) | 11.0 | 7.1 | 5.8 | 4.6 | 9.7 | 6.8 | 9.2 | 9.4 |
HRpeak (bpm) | 11.1 | 3.5 | 5.1 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 5.1 | 8.9 | 3.5 |
Total distance (m) | 33.6 | 29.0 | 30.7 | 20.1 | 20.8 | 27.0 | 14.8 | 16.4 |
Distance at Z1 (m) | 32.3 | 50.3 | 104.4 | 27.7 | 41.7 | 60.0 | 68.5 | 17.5 |
Distance at Z2 (m) | 28.3 | 56.1 | 41.5 | 47.7 | 36.3 | 48.9 | 30.2 | 16.4 |
Distance at Z3 (m) | 94.7 | 40.0 | 39.4 | 26.5 | 104.4 | 28.9 | 60.3 | 54.1 |
Distance at Z4 (m) | 118.4 | 58.1 | 48.9 | 75.2 | 113.8 | 58.6 | 48.2 | 72.0 |
Distance at Z5 (m) | 289.8 | 149.2 | 82.5 | 245.0 | 195.7 | 148.5 | 91.1 | 156.3 |
Peak speed (km/h) | 29.1 | 16.1 | 17.5 | 12.8 | 34.7 | 16.2 | 22.0 | 17.9 |
5v5 (50 × 31 m) Day1 BPV (CV%) | 5v5 (50 × 31 m) Day2 BPV (CV%) | 5v5 (50 × 31 m) Day3 BPV (CV%) | 5v5 (50 × 31 m) Day4 BPV (CV%) | 5v5 (40 × 25 m) Day1 BPV (CV%) | 5v5 (40 × 25 m) Day 2 BPV (CV%) | 5v5 (40 × 25 m) Day 3 BPV (CV%) | 5v5 (40 × 25 m) Day 4 BPV (CV%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HRmean (bpm) | 10.5 | 7.4 | 19.7 | 8.3 | 8.5 | 16.5 | 13.6 | 8.5 |
HRpeak (bpm) | 8.6 | 8.5 | 16.9 | 6.6 | 7.0 | 15.2 | 12.4 | 8.5 |
Total distance (m) | 21.6 | 14.1 | 23.6 | 13.4 | 18.6 | 21.0 | 32.1 | 17.4 |
Distance at Z1 (m) | 19.8 | 17.3 | 24.9 | 17.6 | 13.9 | 16.4 | 26.7 | 15.6 |
Distance at Z2 (m) | 40.6 | 29.0 | 33.7 | 25.0 | 38.5 | 34.3 | 40.2 | 27.5 |
Distance at Z3 (m) | 50.4 | 40.0 | 74.8 | 38.5 | 42.2 | 64.2 | 65.1 | 51.1 |
Distance at Z4 (m) | 68.0 | 65.2 | 84.5 | 61.7 | 62.9 | 73.3 | 87.5 | 70.3 |
Distance at Z5 (m) | 103.7 | 221.1 | 111.1 | 116.8 | 127.1 | 134.0 | 156.8 | 94.0 |
Peak speed (km/h) | 11.9 | 13.3 | 30.6 | 16.6 | 13.8 | 24.6 | 19.3 | 11.8 |
3v3 (39 × 24 m) All WPV (CV%) | 3v3 (32 × 19 m) All WPV (CV%) | 5v5 (50 × 31 m) All WPV (CV%) | 5v5 (40 × 25 m) All WPV (CV%) | Repeated Measures ANOVA | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HRmean (bpm) | 7.9 ± 4.0 | 8.7 ± 4.1 | 11.9 ± 6.5 | 11.1 ± 7.1 | 0.089|0.126 |
HRpeak (bpm) | 6.0 ± 4.3 | 6.5 ± 4.1 | 10.3 ± 6.7 | 10.4 ± 6.3 | 0.032|0.172 |
Total distance (m) | 34.8 ± 10.5 b,c,d | 23.0 ± 7.2 a | 18.4 ± 8.4 a,d | 26.0 ± 8.2 a,c | <0.001|0.441 |
Distance at Z1 (m) | 60.3 ± 13.8 c,d | 53.1 ± 19.1 c,d | 19.6 ± 10.1 a,b | 20.4 ± 7.7 a,b | <0.001|0.745 |
Distance at Z2 (m) | 52.8 ± 14.0 c,d | 46.3 ± 14.4 c,d | 32.2 ± 13.5 a,b | 32.7 ± 12.7 a,b | <0.001|0.444 |
Distance at Z3 (m) | 51.2 ± 20.5 | 62.8 ± 20.9 | 51.1 ± 24.7 | 52.9 ± 21.9 | 0.208|0.076 |
Distance at Z4 (m) | 77.5 ± 31.7 | 83.0 ± 29.1 | 68.3 ± 23.8 | 79.4 ± 33.9 | 0.457|0.044 |
Distance at Z5 (m) | 170.5 ± 27.6 c,d | 158.6 ± 32.3 c | 113.7 ± 38.5 a,b | 139.7 ± 33.9 a | <0.001|0.394 |
Peak speed (km/h) | 22.1 ± 9.5 | 25.0 ± 9.9 | 17.0 ± 10.5 | 18.6 ± 8.8 | 0.052|0.146 |
3v3 (39 × 24 m) Day1 | 3v3 (39 × 24 m) Day2 | 3v3 (39 × 24 m) Day3 | 3v3 (39 × 24 m) Day4 | Repeated Measures ANOVA | |
HRmean (bpm) | 157.0 ± 17.3 c,d | 170.4 ± 12.1 | 172.8 ± 10.1 a | 174.8 ± 8.0 a | 0.001|0.303 |
Hrpeak (bpm) | 176.2 ± 19.6 | 187.0 ± 6.5 | 184.2 ± 9.4 | 189.4 ± 6.1 | 0.023|0.189 |
Total distance (m) | 324.3 ± 108.9 c | 384.6 ± 111.7 | 489.5 ± 150.4 a,d | 343.9 ± 69.1 c | 0.005|0.281 |
Distance at Z1 (m) | 79.0 ± 25.5 c,d | 78.2 ± 39.3 d | 41.1 ± 42.9 a,d | 115.2 ± 31.8 a,b,c | 0.001|0.422 |
Distance at Z2 (m) | 153.6 ± 43.5 d | 165.5 ± 92.8 | 215.9 ± 89.5 d | 112.4 ± 53.6 a,c | 0.007|0.255 |
Distance at Z3 (m) | 50.5 ± 47.8 | 61.9 ± 24.7 | 78.1 ± 30.8 | 65.9 ± 17.5 | 0.092|0.116 |
Distance at Z4 (m) | 20.7 ± 24.5 c | 35.0 ± 20.3 | 46.7 ± 22.8 a | 29.8 ± 22.4 | 0.006|0.196 |
Distance at Z5 (m) | 14.3 ± 41.3 c | 40.1 ± 59.8 | 104.1 ± 85.8 a,d | 13.3 ± 32.5 c | 0.002|0.324 |
Peak speed (km/h) | 17.1 ± 5.0 b,c | 22.0 ± 3.6 a | 23.5 ± 4.1 a,d | 20.0 ± 2.6 c | <0.001|0.330 |
3v3 (32 × 19 m) Day1 | 3v3 (32 × 19 m) Day 2 | 3v3 (32 × 19 m) Day 3 | 3v3 (32 × 19 m) Day 4 | Repeated Measures ANOVA | |
Hrmean (bpm) | 162.6 ± 15.8 | 169.0 ± 11.4 | 173.1 ± 15.9 | 168.2 ± 15.9 | 0.213|0.075 |
Hrpeak (bpm) | 177.9 ± 17.6 | 186.7 ± 5.8 | 187.3 ± 9.6 | 182.7 ± 16.3 | 0.138|0.100 |
Total distance (m) | 409.9 ± 85.4 d | 435.8 ± 117.7 d | 454.8 ± 67.4 d | 331.3 ± 54.3 a,b,c | 0.003|0.301 |
Distance at Z1 (m) | 76.5 ± 31.9 d | 76.8 ± 46.1 | 53.4 ± 36.6 d | 103.1 ± 18.1 a,c | 0.007|0.259 |
Distance at Z2 (m) | 233.6 ± 84.9 d | 172.3 ± 84.1 | 245.7 ± 74.2 d | 123.0 ± 20.2 a,c | 0.001|0.404 |
Distance at Z3 (m) | 37.5 ± 39.2 b | 84.9 ± 24.5 a,c | 53.9 ± 32.5 b | 71.2 ± 38.5 | 0.001|0.289 |
Distance at Z4 (m) | 25.6 ± 29.1 | 43.0 ± 25.2 d | 45.9 ± 22.1 d | 20.6 ± 14.8 b,c | 0.009|0.220 |
Distance at Z5 (m) | 32.0 ± 62.6 | 51.2 ± 76.0 | 54.3 ± 49.5 d | 4.6 ± 7.1 c | 0.066|0.151 |
Peak speed (km/h) | 17.8 ± 6.2 b | 21.5 ± 3.5 a,d | 22.1 ± 4.9 d | 18.0 ± 3.2 b,c | 0.037|0.180 |
5v5 (50 × 31 m) Day1 | 5v5 (50 × 31 m) Day2 | 5v5 (50 × 31 m) Day3 | 5v5 (50 × 31 m) Day4 | Repeated Measures ANOVA | |
HRmean (bpm) | 164.6 ± 17.3 | 165.4 ± 12.2 | 154.9 ± 30.5 | 160.8 ± 13.3 | 0.357|0.053 |
Hrpeak (bpm) | 182.3 ± 15.7 | 190.0 ± 16.1 | 170.9 ± 28.9 | 183.9 ± 12.2 | 0.062|0.136 |
Total distance (m) | 486.2 ± 104.9 | 555.8 ± 78.3 | 529.8 ± 124.8 | 531.8 ± 71.0 | 0.197|0.078 |
Distance at Z1 (m) | 199.8 ± 39.5 | 212.8 ± 36.8 | 207.5 ± 51.6 | 181.9 ± 32.1 | 0.128|0.100 |
Distance at Z2 (m) | 125.6 ± 51.0 | 148.1 ± 43.0 | 148.5 ± 50.0 | 156.0 ± 38.9 | 0.187|0.080 |
Distance at Z3 (m) | 84.6 ± 42.6 | 96.5 ± 38.6 | 86.5 ± 64.7 | 112.6 ± 43.4 | 0.263|0.067 |
Distance at Z4 (m) | 35.3 ± 24.0 | 44.5 ± 29.0 | 45.7 ± 38.6 | 41.3 ± 25.5 | 0.703|0.024 |
Distance at Z5 (m) | 14.4 ± 14.9 | 34.1 ± 75.3 | 28.4 ± 31.6 | 13.8 ± 16.1 | 0.323|0.056 |
Peak speed (km/h) | 20.9 ± 2.5 | 21.5 ± 2.9 | 19.7 ± 6.0 | 21.5 ± 3.6 | 0.389|0.049 |
5v5 (40 × 25 m) Day1 | 5 v5 (40 × 25 m) Day 2 | 5v5 (40 × 25 m) Day 3 | 5v5 (40 × 25 m) Day 4 | Repeated Measures ANOVA | |
Hrmean (bpm) | 168.6 ± 14.3 | 160.8 ± 26.6 | 163.4 ± 22.3 | 166.4 ± 14.1 | 0.668|0.027 |
Hrpeak (bpm) | 183.6 ± 12.9 | 179.7 ± 27.2 | 181.7 ± 22.4 | 190.1 ± 16.2 | 0.464|0.044 |
Total distance (m) | 522.0 ± 97.0 | 522.6 ± 109.7 | 413.9 ± 132.9 | 596.8 ± 103.8 | <0.001|0.291 |
Distance at Z1 (m) | 207.1 ± 28.8 | 227.2 ± 37.4 | 174.4 ± 46.5 | 176.9 ± 27.6 | <0.001|0.377 |
Distance at Z2 (m) | 146.8 ± 56.5 | 137.5 ± 47.2 | 108.1 ± 43.5 | 134.0 ± 36.8 | 0.054|0.124 |
Distance at Z3 (m) | 94.1 ± 39.7 d | 82.6 ± 53.1 | 65.1 ± 42.4 | 64.4 ± 32.9 a | 0.075|0.113 |
Distance at Z4 (m) | 40.4 ± 25.4 | 39.8 ± 29.2 | 33.9 ± 29.6 | 78.0 ± 54.8 | 0.008|0.225 |
Distance at Z5 (m) | 13.8 ± 17.5 d | 19.2 ± 25.7 d | 14.8 ± 23.2 d | 127.6 ± 119.9 a,b,c | <0.001|0.438 |
Peak speed (km/h) | 20.7 ± 2.9 d | 20.0 ± 4.9 d | 20.1 ± 3.9 d | 23.7 ± 2.8 a,b,c | 0.012|0.174 |
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Silva, A.F.; González-Fernández, F.T.; Aquino, R.; Akyildiz, Z.; Vieira, L.P.; Yıldız, M.; Birlik, S.; Nobari, H.; Praça, G.; Clemente, F.M. Analyzing the within and between Players Variability of Heart Rate and Locomotor Responses in Small-Sided Soccer Games Performed Repeatedly over a Week. Healthcare 2022, 10, 1412. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10081412
Silva AF, González-Fernández FT, Aquino R, Akyildiz Z, Vieira LP, Yıldız M, Birlik S, Nobari H, Praça G, Clemente FM. Analyzing the within and between Players Variability of Heart Rate and Locomotor Responses in Small-Sided Soccer Games Performed Repeatedly over a Week. Healthcare. 2022; 10(8):1412. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10081412
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilva, Ana Filipa, Francisco Tomás González-Fernández, Rodrigo Aquino, Zeki Akyildiz, Luiz Palucci Vieira, Mehmet Yıldız, Sabri Birlik, Hadi Nobari, Gibson Praça, and Filipe Manuel Clemente. 2022. "Analyzing the within and between Players Variability of Heart Rate and Locomotor Responses in Small-Sided Soccer Games Performed Repeatedly over a Week" Healthcare 10, no. 8: 1412. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10081412