Prediction of Lung Function Status Using Handgrip Strength and Anthropometry among the Healthy Malay Population in Malaysia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Procedures
2.2. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Variables | Mean (±S.D) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Overall (N = 2901) | Male (N = 785) | Female (N = 2116) | ||
Age (year) | 49.39 (8.84) | 51.21 (8.94) | 48.71 (8.71) | |
HGS (kg) | ||||
Dominant | 24.33 (8.75) | 33.40 (8.97) | 20.97 (5.76) | |
Non-dominant | 22.19 (8.37) | 30.96 (8.45) | 18.93 (5.52) | |
Lung function indices | ||||
FEV1 (L) * | 1.87 (0.57) | 2.31 (0.62) | 1.70 (0.46) | |
FVC (L) * | 2.07 (0.66) | 2.55 (0.72) | 1.89 (0.54) | |
Physical measurement | ||||
Height (cm) | 155.68 (8.04) | 163.30 (7.01) | 152.86 (6.41) | |
Weight (kg) | 64.32 (13.55) | 69.28 (13.38) | 62.49 (13.15) |
Variables | Correlation Coefficient (r) | |
---|---|---|
FEV1 | FVC | |
HGS | ||
Dominant | 0.54 * | 0.52 * |
Non-dominant | 0.51 * | 0.49 * |
Variable | N | FEV1 (L) Mean (±SD) | Test | FVC (L), Mean (±SD) | Test |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | F = 97.07; p < 0.001 * | F = 72.52; p < 0.001 * | |||
35–40 | 535 | 2.03 (0.56) | 2.22 (0.67) | ||
41–50 | 1152 | 1.98 (0.56) | 2.19 (0.65) | ||
51–60 | 834 | 1.77 (0.53) | 2.00 (0.62) | ||
61–70 | 380 | 1.50 (0.53) | 1.68 (0.59) | ||
Marital status | F = 31.08; p < 0.001 * | F = 29.39; p < 0.001 * | |||
Single | 76 | 1.95 (0.73) | 2.13 (0.73) | ||
Married | 2595 | 1.89 (0.57) | 2.10 (0.66) | ||
Separated | 218 | 1.57 (0.52) | 1.74 (0.61) | ||
Education level | F = 87.90; p < 0.001 * | F = 78.74; p < 0.001 * | |||
None | 264 | 1.55 (0.53) | 1.73 (0.58) | ||
Primary | 764 | 1.70 (0.55) | 1.89 (0.63) | ||
Secondary | 1322 | 1.93 (0.54) | 2.14 (0.63) | ||
Tertiary | 551 | 2.09 (0.58) | 2.32 (0.67) | ||
Occupation | F = 199.11; p < 0.001 * | F = 181.48; p < 0.001 * | |||
White collar | 1003 | 2.04 (0.58) | 2.27 (0.67) | ||
Blue collar | 568 | 2.05 (0.62) | 2.26 (0.70) | ||
Homemaker | 1291 | 1.64 (0.47) | 1.82 (0.54) | ||
SES status | F = 47.97; p < 0.001 * | F = 54.50; p < 0.001 * | |||
Low | 811 | 1.79 (0.61) | 2.00 (0.71) | ||
Medium | 1945 | 1.96 (0.59) | 2.18 (0.69) | ||
High | 356 | 2.14 (0.52) | 2.45 (0.65) | ||
Gender | t = 25.02; p < 0.001 * | t = 23.18; p < 0.001 * | |||
Male | 785 | 2.31 (0.61) | 2.55 (0.72) | ||
Female | 2116 | 1.70 (0.46) | 1.89 (0.54) | ||
Location | t = 6.35; p < 0.001 * | t = 4.42; p < 0.001 * | |||
Rural | 1402 | 1.80 (0.57) | 2.02 (0.68) | ||
Urban | 1499 | 1.93 (0.57) | 2.12 (0.64) |
FEV1 (L) | FVC (L) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (±S.D) | Male (N = 785) | Female (N = 2116) | Male (N= 785) | Female (N = 2116) |
Measured | 2.31 (0.62) | 1.70 (0.46) | 2.55 (0.72) | 1.89 (0.54) |
Predicted using HGS | ||||
DHGS a | 2.31 (0.35) | 1.71 (0.23) | 2.53 (0.38) | 1.97 (0.24) |
NDHGS b | 2.37 (0.34) | 1.67 (0.22) | 2.49 (0.37) | 1.87 (0.24) |
Predicted without HGS | ||||
Singh et al. [18] c | 2.37 (0.42) | 1.66 (0.31) | 2.79 (0.44) | 2.03 (0.31) |
TMC d | 2.13 (0.34) | 1.65 (0.23) | 2.44 (0.36) | 1.83 (0.23) |
GLI e | 3.24 (0.36) | 2.65 (0.23) | 3.44 (0.36) | 2.83 (0.23) |
Correlation coefficient (r) | ||||
DHGS | 0.572 * | 0.501 * | 0.528 * | 0.445 * |
NDHGS | 0.560 * | 0.498 * | 0.514 * | 0.441 * |
Singh et al. [18] | 0.544 * | 0.486 * | 0.490 * | 0.422 * |
TMC | 0.532 * | 0.478 * | 0.477 * | 0.415 * |
GLI | 0.532 * | 0.478 * | 0.477 * | 0.415 * |
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Ja’afar, M.H.; Ismail, R.; Ismail, N.H.; Md Isa, Z.; Mohd Tamil, A.; Mat Nasir, N.; Tengku Ismail, T.S.; Ab Razak, N.H.; Zainol Abidin, N.; Duong, M.; et al. Prediction of Lung Function Status Using Handgrip Strength and Anthropometry among the Healthy Malay Population in Malaysia. Healthcare 2023, 11, 1056. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11071056
Ja’afar MH, Ismail R, Ismail NH, Md Isa Z, Mohd Tamil A, Mat Nasir N, Tengku Ismail TS, Ab Razak NH, Zainol Abidin N, Duong M, et al. Prediction of Lung Function Status Using Handgrip Strength and Anthropometry among the Healthy Malay Population in Malaysia. Healthcare. 2023; 11(7):1056. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11071056
Chicago/Turabian StyleJa’afar, Mohd Hasni, Rosnah Ismail, Noor Hassim Ismail, Zaleha Md Isa, Azmi Mohd Tamil, Nafiza Mat Nasir, Tengku Saifudin Tengku Ismail, Nurul Hafiza Ab Razak, Najihah Zainol Abidin, MyLinh Duong, and et al. 2023. "Prediction of Lung Function Status Using Handgrip Strength and Anthropometry among the Healthy Malay Population in Malaysia" Healthcare 11, no. 7: 1056. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11071056
APA StyleJa’afar, M. H., Ismail, R., Ismail, N. H., Md Isa, Z., Mohd Tamil, A., Mat Nasir, N., Tengku Ismail, T. S., Ab Razak, N. H., Zainol Abidin, N., Duong, M., & Yusof, K. H. (2023). Prediction of Lung Function Status Using Handgrip Strength and Anthropometry among the Healthy Malay Population in Malaysia. Healthcare, 11(7), 1056. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11071056