Emotional and Work-Related Factors in the Self-Assessment of Work Ability among Italian Healthcare Workers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- Work ability decreases with age;
- Work ability is greater in males than in females;
- Occupational factors (work annoyance, effort–reward imbalance, overcommitment, social support, and job satisfaction) are associated with work ability;
- Emotional factors (anxiety, depression, and happiness) are associated with work ability.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Population
2.2. Questionnaire
2.3. Statistics
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Category | WAI (Mean ± S.D.) |
---|---|
1. Physician (n = 98) | 41.51 ± 5.42 |
2. Nurse (n = 321) | 40.10 ± 5.68 a |
3. Technician (n = 33) | 40.85 ± 4.99 |
4. Clerk (n = 32) | 43.13 ± 3.77 b |
WAI Indicator | SEWA 1 | IHRWA 2 |
---|---|---|
1. Current work ability compared with lifetime best | 0.798 | 0.170 |
2. Work ability in relation to the demands of the job | 0.848 | 0.079 |
3. Number of current diseases diagnosed by a physician | 0.197 | 0.748 |
4. Estimated work impairment due to illness | 0.487 | 0.696 |
5. Sick leave during the past 12 months | −0.012 | 0.672 |
6. Personal prognosis of work ability 2 years from now | 0.525 | 0.468 |
7. Mental resources | 0.739 | 0.205 |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Age | 1.000 | −0.205 *** | 0.226 *** | 0.101 * | −0.031 | 0.041 | −0.214 *** | −0.078 | −0.110 ** | −0.081 | −0.106 ** | 0.028 | −0.249 *** |
2. Sex | −0.196 *** | 1.000 | 0.063 | −0.044 | 0.067 | 0.061 | 0.069 | 0.184 *** | 0.190 *** | −0.075 | −0.124 ** | −0.096 ** | −0.110 ** |
3. Work Annoyance | 0.228 *** | 0.079 | 1.000 | 0.308 *** | 0.234 *** | −0.237 *** | −0.195 *** | 0.308 *** | 0.285 *** | −0.181 *** | −0.377 *** | −0.390 *** | −0.201 *** |
4. ERI Stress | 0.098 * | −0.030 | 0.325 *** | 1.000 | 0.528 *** | −0.381 *** | −0.320 *** | 0.423 *** | 0.380 *** | −0.230 *** | −0.393 *** | −0.385 *** | −0.237 *** |
5. Overcommitment | −0.030 | 0.092 * | 0.210 *** | 0.474 *** | 1.000 | −0.304 *** | −0.193 *** | 0.538 *** | 0.497 *** | −0.336 *** | −0.422 *** | −0.450 *** | −0.202 *** |
6. Social Support | 0.051 | 0.046 | −0.218 *** | −0.389 *** | −0.310 *** | 1.000 | 0.270 *** | −0.281 *** | −0.271 *** | 0.194 *** | 0.276 *** | 0.317 *** | 0.103 ** |
7. Satisfaction | −0.195 *** | 0.071 | −0.224 *** | −0.327 *** | −0.180 *** | 0.271 *** | 1.000 | −0.203 *** | −0.205 *** | 0.222 *** | 0.258 *** | 0.249 *** | 0.163 *** |
8. Anxiety | −0.057 | 0.191 *** | 0.308 *** | 0.390 *** | 0.538 *** | −0.284 *** | −0.216 *** | 1.000 | 0.773 *** | −0.410 *** | −0.490 *** | −0.481 *** | −0.295 *** |
9. Depression | −0.083 | 0.203 *** | 0.290 *** | 0.364 *** | 0.488 *** | −0.271 *** | −0.222 *** | 0.786 *** | 1.000 | −0.419 *** | −0.490 *** | −0.520 *** | −0.240 *** |
10. Happiness | −0.107 * | −0.065 | −0.196 *** | −0.244 *** | −0.309 *** | 0.217 *** | 0.254 *** | −0.399 *** | −0.402 *** | 1.000 | 0.396 *** | 0.427 *** | 0.188 *** |
11. WAI | −0.106 * | −0.143 * | −0.369 *** | −0.376 *** | −0.376 *** | 0.264 *** | 0.237 *** | −0.488 *** | −0.464 *** | 0.372 *** | 1.000 | 0.878 *** | 0.746 *** |
12. SEWA 1 | 0.033 | −0.110 ** | −0.400 *** | −0.367 *** | −0.417 *** | 0.325 *** | 0.236 *** | −0.489 *** | −0.492 *** | 0.392 *** | 0.845 *** | 1.000 | 0.336 *** |
13. IHRWA 2 | −0.247 *** | −0.119 ** | −0.199 *** | −0.222 *** | −0.157 *** | 0.063 | 0.161 *** | −0.268 *** | −0.226 *** | 0.177 *** | 0.693 *** | 0.244 *** | 1.000 |
Variable | Model I | Model II | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WAI Beta | SEWA 1 | IHRWA 2 | WAI Beta | SEWA 1 | IHRWA 2 | |
Age | # | 0.097 * | −0.287 *** | −0.078 * | # | −0.303 *** |
Sex | −0.094 * | # | −0.158 *** | # | # | −0.129 ** |
Work Annoyance | −0.269 ** | −0.313 *** | # | −0.205 *** | −0.236 *** | # |
ERI Stress | −0.112 * | # | −0.141 * | # | # | −0.103 *** |
Overcommitment | −0.255 *** | −0.304 *** | −0.124 * | −0.139 ** | −0.161 *** | # |
Support | # | 0.113 ** | # | # | 0.105 ** | # |
Satisfaction | 0.133 ** | 0.123 ** | # | 0.083 * | # | # |
Anxiety | −0.139 * | # | −0.243 *** | |||
Depression | −0.150 * | −0.237 *** | # | |||
Happiness | 0.179 *** | 0.214 *** | # | |||
R2 | 0.293 | 0.327 | 0.141 | 0.374 | 0.412 | 0.179 |
VIF range 3 | 1.027–1.559 | 1.121–1.208 | 1.056–1.412 | 1.138–2.745 | 1.155–1.575 | 1.066–1.280 |
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Magnavita, N.; Meraglia, I.; Chiorri, C. Emotional and Work-Related Factors in the Self-Assessment of Work Ability among Italian Healthcare Workers. Healthcare 2024, 12, 1731. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12171731
Magnavita N, Meraglia I, Chiorri C. Emotional and Work-Related Factors in the Self-Assessment of Work Ability among Italian Healthcare Workers. Healthcare. 2024; 12(17):1731. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12171731
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagnavita, Nicola, Igor Meraglia, and Carlo Chiorri. 2024. "Emotional and Work-Related Factors in the Self-Assessment of Work Ability among Italian Healthcare Workers" Healthcare 12, no. 17: 1731. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12171731