Effectiveness and Safety of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Eligibility Criteria
2.2. Search Strategy
2.3. Study Selection and Data Extraction
2.4. Quality Assessment
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Study Selection and Description
3.2. Risk of Bias Assessment
3.3. Results of Quantitative Synthesis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study | Study Design | Diagnosis Criteria | Age at the Time of BTI (Years) | Mean of Disease Duration (Years) | Enrolled Sample Number (Male/Female) | Post-BTI Follow-Up (Weeks) | Other Treatments Besides BTI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nahab et al., 2008 [23] | Randomized controlled crossover study | IRLSSG Consensus Criteria | 57.7 (8.8) | 33.5 (14.4) | 6 (3/3) | 12 | NR |
Agarwal et al., 2011 [18] | Non-comparative study | NR | 62.75 (9.13) | NR | 8 (NR) | 12 | NR |
Ghorayeb et al., 2012 [22] | Non-comparative study | IRLSSG Consensus Criteria | 57.6 (14.3) | 11 (6–25) a | 27 (15/12) | 24 | NR |
Mittal et al., 2018 [19] | Randomized controlled crossover study | IRLSSG Consensus Criteria | BoNT: 64 (13.49) Control: 60.5 (14.75) | NR | BoNT: 14 (8/6) Control: 10 (5/5) | 8 | NR |
Study | Interval of Continuous Intervention | Commercial Forms | Injection Dose (U) | Dilution Method | Injection Site | Tools for Injection | Outcome Measurement |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nahab et al., 2008 [23] | 12 weeks (crossover) | onabotulinumtoxinA | 90 U per leg | 50 U/mL | Intramuscular | EMG | IRLS score, CGI, AE score a, adverse events |
Agarwal et al., 2011 [18] | NR | onabotulinumtoxinA | 50 U per leg | 100 U/mL | Intramuscular | NR | IRLS score, CGI-S, PGI-S, VAS, ESS; CGI-C, PGI-C; adverse events |
Ghorayeb et al., 2012 [22] | NR | abobotulinumtoxinA | 500 U–1000 U per patient | 250 U/ml | Intradermal | NR | IRLS score, CGI-I; number of responders and duration; adverse events |
Mittal et al., 2018 [19] | 12 weeks (crossover) | incobotulinumtoxinA | 100 U per leg | 100 U/ml | Intramuscular | EMG | IRLS score, VAS, QoL, ESS, MOS, PGI-C; adverse events |
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Su, Y.-C.; Guo, Y.-H.; Liao, C.-L.; Lin, Y.-C. Effectiveness and Safety of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare 2021, 9, 1538. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9111538
Su Y-C, Guo Y-H, Liao C-L, Lin Y-C. Effectiveness and Safety of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare. 2021; 9(11):1538. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9111538
Chicago/Turabian StyleSu, Yu-Chi, Yao-Hong Guo, Chung-Lun Liao, and Yu-Ching Lin. 2021. "Effectiveness and Safety of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Healthcare 9, no. 11: 1538. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9111538
APA StyleSu, Y. -C., Guo, Y. -H., Liao, C. -L., & Lin, Y. -C. (2021). Effectiveness and Safety of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare, 9(11), 1538. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9111538