Long-Term Outcome after Asphyxia and Therapeutic Hypothermia in Late Preterm Infants: A Pilot Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Perinatal Asphyxia
2.2. Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
2.3. Therapeutic Hypothermia
- Severe acidosis (pH ≤ 7.0 or a base deficit ≤ −16 mmol/L) in umbilical cord blood or a blood sample from the first hour of life.
- Clinical signs of a moderate or severe encephalopathy (severity 2 or 3 according to Sarnat and Sarnat [31] or pathological aEEG).
- Postnatal age ≤6 h.
2.4. Outcome
2.5. Statistics
2.6. Ethics
3. Results
3.1. Perinatal Asphyxia
3.2. Follow-Up Examinations
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Late Preterm Newborn | Term Newborn | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
with THT (n = 8) | without THT (n = 12) | p | with THT (n = 31) | without THT (n = 57) | p | ||
female | N (%) | 4 (50) | 5 (42) | † b | 15 (48) | 19 (53) | † b |
gestational age [weeks] | mv ± sd | 35 ± 0.8 | 35 ± 0.9 | † b | 39.5 ± 1.2 | 39.3 ± 1.4 | † b |
birth weight [gram] | 2681 ± 522 | 2504 ± 432 | † b | 3599 ± 576 | 3394 ± 600 | † b | |
head circumference [cm] | 34 ± 1 | 33 ± 2 | † b | 35 ± 2 | 35 ± 3 | † b | |
max. base excess [mmol/L] | −23 ± 5 | −14 ± 4 | * b | −21 ± 5 | −17 ± 4 | * b | |
umbilical cord pH | 6.9 ± 0.2 | 7.1 ± 0.2 | * b | 6.9 ± 0.2 | 7.0 ± 0.2 | * b | |
Apgar score at 5′ | median ± IQR | 4 ± 3 | 5 ± 3 | † b | 4 ± 4 | 6 ± 3 | ** b |
seizures | n (%) | 5 (63) | 0 | * a | 19 (61) | 4 (7) | * a,c |
palsy | 3 (38) | 0 | * a | 10 (32) | 0 | * a,c | |
coma | 1 (13) | 0 | † a | 9(29) | 0 | * a,c | |
pathologic aEEG | 8 (100) | 2 (17) | * a | 27 (87) | 3 (5) | ** a | |
HIE | ** a | ** a | |||||
no | 0 | 9 (75) | 0 | 38 (67) | |||
mild | 0 | 2 (17) | 0 | 5 (9) | |||
moderate | 7 (88) | 0 | 14 (45) | 12 (21) | |||
severe | 1 (13) | 1 (8) | 17 (55) | 2 (4) | |||
death | 1(13) | 0 | † a | 6 (19) | 2 (4) | † a |
Late Preterm Newborn | Term Newborn | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
without THT (n = 4) | with THT (n = 7) | p | with THT (n = 20) | p | ||
female | n (%) | 1 (25) | 3 (43) | † a | 9 (45) | † a |
age at birth [months] | mv ± sd | 35 ± 1 | 35 ± 1 | † a | 40 ± 1 | † a |
weight [gram] | 11,435 ± 1198 | 12,208 ± 1116 | † a | 12,492 ± 1677 | * a | |
head circumference [cm] | 47.8 ± 2.5 | 49.2 ± 1.0 | † a | 47.9 ± 1.7 | † a | |
HIE | n (%) | |||||
no | 2 (50) | 0 | 0 | |||
mild | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
moderate | 2 (50) | 6 (86) | * b,d | 11 (55) | † b,d | |
severe | 0 | 1 (14) | † b,d | 9 (45) | † b,d | |
MDI | mv ± sd | 96 ± 20 | 105 ± 13 | † c | 93 ± 18 | * c |
≥115 | n (%) | 1 (25) | 1 (14) | 1 (5) | ||
≥85 | 1 (25) | 5 (72) | 13 (65) | |||
<85 | 2 (50) | 1 (14) | 3 (15) | |||
<70 | 0 | 0 | 3 (15) | |||
PDI | mv ± sd | 105 ± 15 | 105 ± 11 | † c | 101 ± 16 | † c |
≥115 | n (%) | 1 (25) | 1 (14) | 1 (5) | ||
≥85 | 3 (75) | 5 (72) | 15 (75) | |||
<85 | 0 | 1 (14) | 3 (15) | |||
<70 | 0 | 0 | 1 (5) |
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Lademann, H.; Abshagen, K.; Janning, A.; Däbritz, J.; Olbertz, D. Long-Term Outcome after Asphyxia and Therapeutic Hypothermia in Late Preterm Infants: A Pilot Study. Healthcare 2021, 9, 994. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9080994
Lademann H, Abshagen K, Janning A, Däbritz J, Olbertz D. Long-Term Outcome after Asphyxia and Therapeutic Hypothermia in Late Preterm Infants: A Pilot Study. Healthcare. 2021; 9(8):994. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9080994
Chicago/Turabian StyleLademann, Hanne, Karl Abshagen, Anna Janning, Jan Däbritz, and Dirk Olbertz. 2021. "Long-Term Outcome after Asphyxia and Therapeutic Hypothermia in Late Preterm Infants: A Pilot Study" Healthcare 9, no. 8: 994. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9080994