Circulating Exosomal miRNA Profiles Predict the Occurrence and Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Direct-Acting Antiviral-Induced Sustained Viral Response
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Sample Information
2.2. RNA Preparation and Microarray Assay
2.3. Cell Proliferation Assay
2.4. Caspase Assay
2.5. HCC Prediction by Linear SVM
2.6. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Predicting HCC Recurrence in Patients with DAA-Induced SVR Liver Cirrhosis
3.2. Predicting HCC Recurrence in DAA-Induced SVR Liver Cirrhosis and Non-Cirrhosis Patients
3.3. Predicting HCC in HCC-Naïve Patients with a DAA-Induced SVR
3.4. Hepatic miRNA Expression Pattern in SVR-non-HCC and SVR-HCC Patients
3.5. Hepatocarcinogenic Potential of the miRNAs Used to Predict SVR-HCC
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Summary of Analysis Groups | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Presence or Absence of HCC Recurrence | No. | Age | Sex | Liver Disease | DAA Treatment |
No | 25 | 73.6 ± 7.2 | F:13/M:12 | liver cirrhosis | AD:8/SL:15/SR:2 |
Yes | 16 | 72.1 ± 9.0 | F:8/M:8 | liver cirrhosis | AD:8/SL:4/SR:4 |
Clinical Data by Analysis Group | |||||
Treatment | Items | No Recurrence | Recurrence | p-Value | |
pre- | ALT | 46.8 ± 23.3 | 55.8 ± 31.1 | 3.02 × 10−1 | |
T.Bil | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 6.67 × 10−1 | ||
Alb | 3.7 ± 0.3 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | 5.27 × 10−3 | ||
PT | 82.6 ± 8.1 | 75.9 ± 19.8 | 1.33 × 10−1 | ||
PLT | 9.9 ± 2.9 | 9.1 ± 4.1 | 4.69 × 10−1 | ||
AFP | 27.3 ± 58.7 | 42.5 ± 68.3 | 4.63 × 10−1 | ||
M2BPGi | 6.0 ± 3.9 | 7.6 ± 3.9 | 2.24 × 10−1 | ||
FIB-4 | 6.6 ± 2.6 | 8.3 ± 4.3 | 1.27 × 10−1 | ||
post- | ALT | 44.6 ± 106.3 | 26.3 ± 15.8 | 5.01 × 10−1 | |
T.Bil | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 4.17 × 10−1 | ||
Alb | 3.8 ± 0.3 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 7.78 × 10−1 | ||
PT | 80.4 ± 19.2 | 78.1 ± 15.7 | 5.85 × 10−1 | ||
PLT | 11.0 ± 3.5 | 9.8 ± 33.6 | 3.60 × 10−1 | ||
AFP | 8.6 ± 7.2 | 14.5 ± 14.9 | 1.37 × 10−1 | ||
M2BPGi | 3.8 ± 2.6 | 4.7 ± 3.1 | 3.00 × 10−1 |
#miRNAs | Equation | ACC (%) | REC (%) | PRE (%) | SPE (%) | LOOCV (%) | ACCALL (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 | y = −2.75 × [miR-4718] + 3.02 × [miR-6511a-5p] −1.38 × [miR-642a-5p] −1.21 × [miR-4448]+12.60 | 87.2 | 87.8 | 83.1 | 92.7 | 97.6 | |
3 | y = −4.12 × [miR-4718] + 3.46 × [miR-6511a-5p] − 2.08 × [miR-642a-5p] + 13.51 | 88.5 | 89.5 | 83.0 | 87.8 | 92.7 | 97.6 |
2 | y = −1.72 × [miR-4718] + 0.74 × [miR-6511a-5p] + 5.83 | 79.6 | 77.0 | 73.6 | 80.5 | 82.9 |
Summary of Analysis Groups | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Presence or Absence of HCC Recurrence | No. | Age | Sex | Liver Disease | DAA Treatment |
No | 44 | 73.5 ± 7.76 | F:20/M:24 | non-cirrhosis:19 /liver cirrhosis:25 | AD:15/SL:26/SR:3 |
Yes | 25 | 72.7 ± 8.20 | F:11/M:14 | non-cirrhosis:9 /liver cirrhosis:16 | AD:10/SL:9/SR:6 |
Clinical Data by Analysis Group | |||||
Treatment | Items | No Recurrence | Recurrence | p-Value | |
pre- | ALT | 49.1 ± 33.5 | 53.4 ± 35.4 | 6.13 × 10−1 | |
T.Bil | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 8.76 × 10−1 | ||
Alb | 3.7 ± 0.3 | 3.5 ± 0.8 | 3.61 × 10−2 | ||
PT | 86.7 ± 13.4 | 81.2 ± 19.3 | 1.73 × 10−1 | ||
PLT | 13.2 ± 6.1 | 10.8 ± 4.6 | 9.26 × 10−2 | ||
AFP | 19.6 ± 45.1 | 39.6 ± 71.4 | 1.75 × 10−1 | ||
M2BPGi | 4.5 ± 3.7 | 5.9 ± 4.1 | 1.44 × 10−1 | ||
FIB-4 | 5.3 ± 2.8 | 7.0 ± 4.0 | 3.50 × 10−2 | ||
post- | ALT | 37.1 ± 81.6 | 25.5 ± 15.5 | 4.84 × 10−1 | |
T.Bil | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 7.92 × 10−1 | ||
Alb | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 9.71 × 10−1 | ||
PT | 85.9 ± 19.2 | 82.2 ± 14.8 | 3.20 × 10−1 | ||
PLT | 14.0 ± 6.6 | 11.9 ± 5.4 | 1.93 × 10−1 | ||
AFP | 7.5 ± 6.1 | 14.5 ± 18.0 | 3.52 × 10−2 | ||
M2BPGi | 2.7 ± 2.2 | 3.5 ± 2.8 | 1.65 × 10−1 |
#miRNAs | Equation | ACC (%) | REC (%) | PRE (%) | SPE (%) | LOOCV (%) | ACCALL (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 | y = 1.62 × [miR-211-3p] − 1.43 × [miR-6826-3p] + 0.65 × [miR-1236-3p] − 0.84 × [miR-4448] − 1.19 | 85.3 | 86.1 | 77.8 | 85.3 | 87.0 | 87.0 |
3 | y = 1.93 × [miR-211-3p] − 2.16 × [miR-6826-3p] + 0.80 × [miR-1236-3p] − 5.48 | 82.9 | 77.8 | 76.2 | 85.5 | 88.4 | |
2 | y = 1.84 × [miR-211-3p] − 1.35 × [miR-6826-3p] − 5.07 | 79.0 | 72.8 | 71.2 | 81.2 | 81.2 |
Summary of Analysis Groups | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Presence or Absence HCC Occurrence | No. | Age | Sex | Liver Disease | DAA Treatment |
No | 55 | 66.2 ± 10.6 | F:29/M:26 | non-cirrhosis: 8 /liver cirrhosis: 47 | AD:32/SL:20/SR:3 |
Yes | 15 | 71.8 ± 8.0 | F:8/M:7 | non-cirrhosis: 10 /liver cirrhosis: 5 | AD:5/SL:8/SR:2 |
Clinical Data by Analysis Group | |||||
Treatment | Items | No Occurrence | Occurrence | p-Value | |
pre- | ALT | 57.1 ± 31.9 | 54.5 ± 25.2 | 7.73 × 10−1 | |
T.Bil | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 8.08 × 10−2 | ||
Alb | 3.6 ± 0.6 | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 2.88 × 10−1 | ||
PT | 82.1 ± 26.6 | 81.2 ± 26.8 | 8.63 × 10−1 | ||
PLT | 10.9 ± 5.5 | 12.9 ± 6.3 | 2.36 × 10−1 | ||
AFP | 34.2 ± 63.3 | 18.6 ± 19.2 | 3.54 × 10−1 | ||
M2BPGi | 6.0 ± 3.3 | 3.9 ± 2.0 | 1.84 × 10−2 | ||
FIB-4 | 6.5 ± 3.9 | 5.4 ± 3.4 | 3.13 × 10−1 | ||
post- | ALT | 29.7 ± 26.1 | 23.3 ± 11.9 | 3.61 × 10−1 | |
T.Bil | 0.9 ± 0.5 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 4.62 × 10−1 | ||
Alb | 4.5 ± 5.0 | 4.0 ± 0.5 | 6.87 × 10−1 | ||
PT | 81.2 ± 25.8 | 88.5 ± 33.8 | 1.18 × 10−1 | ||
PLT | 11.7 ± 5.7 | 14.2 ± 6.0 | 1.51 × 10−1 | ||
AFP | 7.8 ± 6.3 | 25.6 ± 49.1 | 1.64 × 10−2 | ||
M2BPGi | 3.4 ± 2.3 | 2.37 ± 1.7 | 1.50 × 10−1 |
#miRNAs | Chosen mRNAs | ACC (%) | REC (%) | PRE (%) | SPE (%) | LOOCV (%) | ACCALL (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 | miR-762, miR-8069, miR-7847-3p, miR-7846-3p | 85.5 | 74.5 | 66.2 | 87.1 | 91.4 | |
3 | miR-762, miR-8069, miR-6090 | 83.4 | 68.9 | 64.0 | 87.1 | 91.4 | |
2 | miR-762, miR-8069 | 83.3 | 71.4 | 60.6 | 87.1 | 85.7 | 85.7 |
Summary of Analysis Groups | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Presence or Absence of HCC Occurrence | No. | Age | Sex | Liver Disease | DAA Treatment |
No | 36 | 62.3 ± 5.9 | F:23/M:13 | F0/F1/F2/F3 1/22/7/6 | AD:23/SL:5/SR:3/VIK:5 |
Yes | 7 | 62.7 ± 5.3 | F:2/M:5 | F0/F1/F2/F3 0/3/3/1 | AD:5/SL:1/SR:1 |
Clinical Data by Analysis Group | |||||
Items | SVR-non-HCC | SVR-HCC | p-Value | ||
pre-treatment | fibrosis stage | 1.5 ± 0.8 | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 5.22 × 10−1 | |
ALT | 48.8 ± 33.5 | 93.1 ± 50.4 | 5.30 × 10−3 | ||
T.BIL | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 1.57 × 10−1 | ||
PLT | 18.5 ± 5.0 | 12.8 ± 4.2 | 6.97 × 10−3 | ||
ALB | 4.3 ± 0.3 | 4.0 ± 0.2 | 1.02 × 10−2 | ||
AFP | 5.8 ± 7.7 | 17.6 ± 23.6 | 1.84 × 10−2 |
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Itami-Matsumoto, S.; Hayakawa, M.; Uchida-Kobayashi, S.; Enomoto, M.; Tamori, A.; Mizuno, K.; Toyoda, H.; Tamura, T.; Akutsu, T.; Ochiya, T.; et al. Circulating Exosomal miRNA Profiles Predict the Occurrence and Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Direct-Acting Antiviral-Induced Sustained Viral Response. Biomedicines 2019, 7, 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines7040087
Itami-Matsumoto S, Hayakawa M, Uchida-Kobayashi S, Enomoto M, Tamori A, Mizuno K, Toyoda H, Tamura T, Akutsu T, Ochiya T, et al. Circulating Exosomal miRNA Profiles Predict the Occurrence and Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Direct-Acting Antiviral-Induced Sustained Viral Response. Biomedicines. 2019; 7(4):87. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines7040087
Chicago/Turabian StyleItami-Matsumoto, Saori, Michiyo Hayakawa, Sawako Uchida-Kobayashi, Masaru Enomoto, Akihiro Tamori, Kazuyuki Mizuno, Hidenori Toyoda, Takeyuki Tamura, Tatsuya Akutsu, Takahiro Ochiya, and et al. 2019. "Circulating Exosomal miRNA Profiles Predict the Occurrence and Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Direct-Acting Antiviral-Induced Sustained Viral Response" Biomedicines 7, no. 4: 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines7040087