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Volume 11
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10.3390/pr11103016
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Article

Physical, Sensorial, and Physicochemical Characteristics of Arabica Coffee Dried under Two Solar Brightness Conditions

by
Aida Esther Peñuela-Martínez
1,*,
Ingrid Paola Hower-García
1,
Alvaro Guerrero
1,
Lina Marcela Agudelo-Laverde
2,
Henry Betancourt-Rodríguez
2 and
Jhully Martínez-Giraldo
2
1
National Coffee Research Center, Cenicafé. Km 4 Chinchiná—Manizales, Manizales 170009, Colombia
2
Group of Agroindustrial Processes, University of Quindío, Armenia 630001, Colombia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Processes 2023, 11(10), 3016; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11103016
Submission received: 7 September 2023 / Revised: 6 October 2023 / Accepted: 11 October 2023 / Published: 20 October 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drying Kinetics and Quality Control in Food Processing)
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Abstract

The solar drying process is a critical postharvest stage for preserving coffee quality and is widely used in coffee-producing countries. A descriptive exploratory study was carried out in zones with different annual solar brightness to determine the climate variability influence on solar drying. Variables related to the evolution of drying, physical and sensory quality, and the physicochemical characteristics of the Castillo® coffee variety were analyzed. Coffee quality was assessed by means of SCA protocol. An automatic system was designed to record variables inside the dryers and mass loss. The drying rates were different by climatic zone above and below 0.52%∙h−1. Drying time was significantly longer in less solar brightness zones (Wilcoxon test). An inverse linear relationship between rewetting percentage and bean moisture was observed. Regarding coffee quality, the average scores were 81.37 and 80.93 SCA points for the climatic zones with the lowest and highest solar brightness, respectively. The bean color, water activity, acidity, and fat content did not vary between climatic zones. The coffee quality was not affected by solar drying in contrasting climatic conditions, despite the differences in drying time. Solar drying behaviors were identified that allow for the development of strategies for improving the process efficiency and management of coffee.
Keywords: Coffea arabica L.; solar drying; cup quality; climatic conditions; rewetting; drying time Coffea arabica L.; solar drying; cup quality; climatic conditions; rewetting; drying time

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MDPI and ACS Style

Peñuela-Martínez, A.E.; Hower-García, I.P.; Guerrero, A.; Agudelo-Laverde, L.M.; Betancourt-Rodríguez, H.; Martínez-Giraldo, J. Physical, Sensorial, and Physicochemical Characteristics of Arabica Coffee Dried under Two Solar Brightness Conditions. Processes 2023, 11, 3016. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11103016

AMA Style

Peñuela-Martínez AE, Hower-García IP, Guerrero A, Agudelo-Laverde LM, Betancourt-Rodríguez H, Martínez-Giraldo J. Physical, Sensorial, and Physicochemical Characteristics of Arabica Coffee Dried under Two Solar Brightness Conditions. Processes. 2023; 11(10):3016. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11103016

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peñuela-Martínez, Aida Esther, Ingrid Paola Hower-García, Alvaro Guerrero, Lina Marcela Agudelo-Laverde, Henry Betancourt-Rodríguez, and Jhully Martínez-Giraldo. 2023. "Physical, Sensorial, and Physicochemical Characteristics of Arabica Coffee Dried under Two Solar Brightness Conditions" Processes 11, no. 10: 3016. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11103016

APA Style

Peñuela-Martínez, A. E., Hower-García, I. P., Guerrero, A., Agudelo-Laverde, L. M., Betancourt-Rodríguez, H., & Martínez-Giraldo, J. (2023). Physical, Sensorial, and Physicochemical Characteristics of Arabica Coffee Dried under Two Solar Brightness Conditions. Processes, 11(10), 3016. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11103016

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