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Volume 12
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10.3390/pr12071478
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Article

Development and Application of a Constitutive Equation for 25CrMo4 Steel

by
Shuhua Zheng
1,*,
Zihao Ren
2,
Xiaohui Sun
3,
Guofang Li
2,
Jun Wang
3 and
Song Zhang
1
1
School of Mechanical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315016, China
2
School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao 066000, China
3
YEG Tech (Ningbo) Co., Ltd., Ningbo 315612, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Processes 2024, 12(7), 1478; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12071478
Submission received: 7 June 2024 / Revised: 7 July 2024 / Accepted: 10 July 2024 / Published: 15 July 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Materials Processes)
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Abstract

The material constitutive equation of 25CrMo4 steel was established through an isothermal compression experiment. First, a thermal compression experiment was carried out with a Gleeble-3500 thermal simulator to study the thermoplastic deformation behaviour of 25CrMo4 steel at various temperatures (850, 950, 1050, and 1150 °C) and strain rates (0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10 s−1). The measured true stress–strain curve showed that when the temperature is constant, the flow stress increases with the strain rate, whereas when the strain rate is constant, the flow stress decreases with the temperature. Then, the constitutive model of peak stress of 25CrMo4 was established after analyzing the stress and strain statistics. The model parameters were optimized. The accuracy of the flow stress constitutive model was verified by comparing the flow stress prediction model with the experimental results. The hot forging process of the inner core wheel was numerically simulated based on DEFORM-3D v11 software, and the parameters of this process were formulated by analyzing the metal flow rate and equivalent stress and strain fields.
Keywords: 25CrMo4 steel; true stress–strain curve; constitutive equation; hot forging simulation 25CrMo4 steel; true stress–strain curve; constitutive equation; hot forging simulation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zheng, S.; Ren, Z.; Sun, X.; Li, G.; Wang, J.; Zhang, S. Development and Application of a Constitutive Equation for 25CrMo4 Steel. Processes 2024, 12, 1478. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12071478

AMA Style

Zheng S, Ren Z, Sun X, Li G, Wang J, Zhang S. Development and Application of a Constitutive Equation for 25CrMo4 Steel. Processes. 2024; 12(7):1478. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12071478

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zheng, Shuhua, Zihao Ren, Xiaohui Sun, Guofang Li, Jun Wang, and Song Zhang. 2024. "Development and Application of a Constitutive Equation for 25CrMo4 Steel" Processes 12, no. 7: 1478. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12071478

APA Style

Zheng, S., Ren, Z., Sun, X., Li, G., Wang, J., & Zhang, S. (2024). Development and Application of a Constitutive Equation for 25CrMo4 Steel. Processes, 12(7), 1478. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12071478

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