Organic-Acid-Sensitive Visual Sensor Array Based on Fenton Reagent–Phenol/Aniline for the Rapid Species and Adulteration Assessment of Baijiu
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials and Reagents
2.2. Fabrication of the Organic-Acid-Sensitive Visual Sensor Array
2.3. RGB Extraction Method
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. The Influence of Ethanol on the Sensor Array
3.2. Optimization of the Sensor Array
3.3. Color Change Response of Sensor Array to Organic Acids
3.4. Color Change Response of Sensor Array to Mixed Organic Acids
3.5. Selectivity of the Sensor Array
3.6. Identification of Various Baijiu with Different Species
3.7. Adulteration Assessment of Baijiu
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Abbr | Brand | Origin | Aroma | Alcohol (v/v%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
TQ | Luzhou Laojiao | Luzhou Sichuan | Strong aroma | 52 |
1573 | Luzhou Laojiao | Luzhou Sichuan | Strong aroma | 52 |
WLY | Wuliangye | Yibin Sichuan | Strong aroma | 52 |
JNC | Jiannanchun | Mianzhu Sichuan | Strong aroma | 52 |
SD | Tuopai Shede | Suining Sichuan | Strong aroma | 52 |
SJF | Shuijingfang | Chengdu Sichuan | Strong aroma | 52 |
GJG | Gujigngong | Bozhou Anhui | Strong aroma | 50 |
MZL | Yanghe | Suqian Jiangsu | Strong aroma | 52 |
SG | Shuanggoudaqu | Suqian Jiangsu | Strong aroma | 46 |
SH | Songhe | Luyi Henan | Strong aroma | 46 |
YL | Yilite | Yili Xinjiang | Strong aroma | 50 |
HT | Hetao | Bayanzhuoer | Strong aroma | 36 |
MT | Maotai | Zunyi Guizhou | Sauce aroma | 53 |
FJ | Fenjiu | Fenyan Shanxi | Light aroma | 53 |
GL | Guilinsanhua | Guilin Guangxi | Rice aroma | 52 |
KZJ | Kouzijiao | Huaibei Anhui | Mixed aroma | 42 |
XF | Xifeng | Baoji Shaanxi | Feng aroma | 52 |
YBS | Yubingshao | Foshan Guangdong | Chi aroma | 29 |
JZ | Yipingjingzhi | Anqiu Shandong | Sesame aroma | 52 |
LBG | Laobaigan | Hengshui Hebei | Laobaigan aroma | 52 |
JG | Jiuguijiu | Jishou Hunan | Fuyu aroma | 54 |
ST | Site | Yichun Jiangxi | Te aroma | 52 |
DJ | Dongjiu | Zunyi Guizhou | Herbal aroma | 54 |
Compounds | Linear Range (g/L) | LOD (g/L) | LOQ (g/L) | RSD% (n = 24, %) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Benzoic Acid | 1.22 × 10−2–1.22 | 3.71 × 10−4 | 1.24 × 10−3 | 1.53 |
Lactic Acid | 2.25 × 10−3–0.90 | 8.16 × 10−5 | 2.72 × 10−4 | 1.40 |
Acetic Acid | 6.01 × 10−5–0.60 | 3.61 × 10−5 | 1.20 × 10−4 | 1.21 |
Butyric Acid | 8.81 × 10−3–0.88 | 4.55 × 10−4 | 1.52 × 10−3 | 2.17 |
Isobutyric Acid | 4.41 × 10−3–0.88 | 1.32 × 10−3 | 4.38 × 10−3 | 1.96 |
Valeric Acid | 1.02 × 10−2–1.02 | 1.36 × 10−4 | 4.55 × 10−4 | 9.74 |
Isovaleric Acid | 5.11 × 10−3–1.02 | 6.35 × 10−4 | 2.12 × 10−3 | 1.54 |
Hexanoic Acid | 1.16 × 10−2–1.16 | 5.04 × 10−4 | 1.68 × 10−3 | 1.55 |
Octanoic Acid | 7.21 × 10−3–1.44 | 5.12 × 10−4 | 1.71 × 10−3 | 1.41 |
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Zhang, L.; Liu, Y.; Cai, Z.; Wu, M.; Fan, Y. Organic-Acid-Sensitive Visual Sensor Array Based on Fenton Reagent–Phenol/Aniline for the Rapid Species and Adulteration Assessment of Baijiu. Foods 2024, 13, 2139. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13132139
Zhang L, Liu Y, Cai Z, Wu M, Fan Y. Organic-Acid-Sensitive Visual Sensor Array Based on Fenton Reagent–Phenol/Aniline for the Rapid Species and Adulteration Assessment of Baijiu. Foods. 2024; 13(13):2139. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13132139
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Lei, Yaqi Liu, Zhenli Cai, Meixia Wu, and Yao Fan. 2024. "Organic-Acid-Sensitive Visual Sensor Array Based on Fenton Reagent–Phenol/Aniline for the Rapid Species and Adulteration Assessment of Baijiu" Foods 13, no. 13: 2139. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13132139
APA StyleZhang, L., Liu, Y., Cai, Z., Wu, M., & Fan, Y. (2024). Organic-Acid-Sensitive Visual Sensor Array Based on Fenton Reagent–Phenol/Aniline for the Rapid Species and Adulteration Assessment of Baijiu. Foods, 13(13), 2139. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13132139