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Article

ELISA and Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay for Sensitive and Specific Determination of Lead (II) in Water, Food and Feed Samples

by
Long Xu
1,2,†,
Xiao-yi Suo
3,†,
Qi Zhang
1,3,
Xin-ping Li
3,
Chen Chen
1 and
Xiao-ying Zhang
1,2,3,*
1
College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China
2
Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Department of Biology, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
3
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
The first two authors contributed equally to this work.
Foods 2020, 9(3), 305; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9030305
Submission received: 18 January 2020 / Revised: 5 March 2020 / Accepted: 5 March 2020 / Published: 8 March 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Analytical Chemistry to Foods and Food Technology)
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Abstract

Lead is a heavy metal with increasing public health concerns on its accumulation in the food chain and environment. Immunoassays for the quantitative measurement of environmental heavy metals offer numerous advantages over other traditional methods. ELISA and chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA), based on the mAb we generated, were developed for the detection of lead (II). In total, 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of lead (II) were 9.4 ng/mL (ELISA) and 1.4 ng/mL (CLEIA); the limits of detection (LOD) were 0.7 ng/mL (ic-ELISA) and 0.1 ng/mL (ic-CLEIA), respectively. Cross-reactivities of the mAb toward other metal ions were less than 0.943%, indicating that the obtained mAb has high sensitivity and specificity. The recovery rates were 82.1%–108.3% (ic-ELISA) and 80.1%–98.8% (ic-CLEIA), respectively. The developed methods are feasible for the determination of trace lead (II) in various samples with high sensitivity, specificity, fastness, simplicity and accuracy.
Keywords: lead (II); ELISA; monoclonal antibody (mAb); isothiocyanobenzyl-EDTA (ITCBE); chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) lead (II); ELISA; monoclonal antibody (mAb); isothiocyanobenzyl-EDTA (ITCBE); chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA)

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MDPI and ACS Style

Xu, L.; Suo, X.-y.; Zhang, Q.; Li, X.-p.; Chen, C.; Zhang, X.-y. ELISA and Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay for Sensitive and Specific Determination of Lead (II) in Water, Food and Feed Samples. Foods 2020, 9, 305. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9030305

AMA Style

Xu L, Suo X-y, Zhang Q, Li X-p, Chen C, Zhang X-y. ELISA and Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay for Sensitive and Specific Determination of Lead (II) in Water, Food and Feed Samples. Foods. 2020; 9(3):305. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9030305

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xu, Long, Xiao-yi Suo, Qi Zhang, Xin-ping Li, Chen Chen, and Xiao-ying Zhang. 2020. "ELISA and Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay for Sensitive and Specific Determination of Lead (II) in Water, Food and Feed Samples" Foods 9, no. 3: 305. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9030305

APA Style

Xu, L., Suo, X.-y., Zhang, Q., Li, X.-p., Chen, C., & Zhang, X.-y. (2020). ELISA and Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay for Sensitive and Specific Determination of Lead (II) in Water, Food and Feed Samples. Foods, 9(3), 305. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9030305

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